The Toll pathway is required in the epidermis for muscle development in the Drosophila embryo
The Toll pathway is required in the epidermis for muscle development in the Drosophila embryo
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DOI：
10.1006/dbio.1998.8915
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发表时间：
1998-07-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Keshishian, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halfon, MS;Keshishian, H
Toll信号通路在果蝇的几个过程中发挥作用，包括背腹图案形成和免疫应答。在这里，我们证明了这条途径是必要的表皮适当的肌肉发育。先前，我们表明合子Toll蛋白是正常肌肉发育所必需的;在不存在合子Toll的情况下，接近50%的半节段具有由缺失、复制和错误插入的肌纤维组成的肌肉图案缺陷（Halfon，M.S.，Hashimoto，C.，和Keshishian，H.，Dev. 169，151-167，1995）。我们现在还分析了复活节、抹刀、管和佩勒的要求，所有这些都在Toll介导的背腹图案化途径中发挥作用。我们发现抹刀、管子和颗粒（但不是复活节）对于肌肉发育是必要的。这些基因的突变产生了与Toll突变体相同的表型，这表明在肌肉发育过程中使用了与背腹发育中Toll信号传导相同途径的元件。通过在Toll突变果蝇中表达Toll cDNA，我们研究了肌肉发育过程中Toll表达的空间要求。Toll在包括表皮肌肉附着细胞的表皮细胞亚群中表达，但在肌肉组织中不表达，这对于适当的肌肉发育是必要的。我们的研究结果表明，在肌肉发育的早期表皮接收的信号是肌肉图案化过程的重要组成部分。(C)北京：科学出版社.
The Toll signaling pathway functions in several Drosophila processes, including dorsal-ventral pattern formation and the immune response. Here, we demonstrate that this pathway is required in the epidermis for proper muscle development. Previously, we showed that the zygotic Toll protein is necessary for normal muscle development; in the absence of zygotic Toll, close to 50% of hemisegments have muscle patterning defects consisting of missing, duplicated and misinserted muscle fibers (Halfon, M.S., Hashimoto, C., and Keshishian, H., Dev. Biol. 169, 151-167, 1995). We have now also analyzed the requirements for easter, spatzle, tube, and pelle, all of which function in the Toll-mediated dorsal-ventral patterning pathway. We find that spatzle, tube, and pelle, but not easter, are necessary for muscle development. Mutations in these genes give a phenotype identical to that seen in Toll mutants, suggesting that elements of the same pathway used for Toll signaling in dorsal-ventral development are used during muscle development. By expressing the Toll cDNA under the control of distinct Toll enhancer elements in Toll mutant flies, we have examined the spatial requirements for Toll expression during muscle development. Expression of Toll in a subset of epidermal cells that includes the epidermal muscle attachment cells, but not Toll expression in the musculature, is necessary for proper muscle development. Our results suggest that signals received by the epidermis early during muscle development are an important part of the muscle patterning process. (C) 1998 Academic Press.