Visual search remains efficient when visual working memory is full
Visual search remains efficient when visual working memory is full
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-9280.00339
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Luck, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woodman, GF;Vogel, EK;Luck, SJ
许多注意理论都认为视觉工作记忆在视觉搜索任务中起着重要作用。本研究采用双任务范式考察了视觉工作记忆在搜索中的作用。在双任务范式中，参与者在执行视觉搜索任务的同时，在视觉工作记忆中保留不、两个或四个物体。工作记忆负荷的存在增加了视觉搜索反应时间的恒定延迟，与视觉搜索数组中的项目数量无关。也就是说，与反应时间有关的函数斜率与搜索数组中的项目数量没有变化，这表明搜索过程本身并没有因为内存负载而减慢。此外，搜索任务并没有实质性地损害视觉工作记忆中的信息维持。这些结果表明，视觉搜索需要最少的视觉工作记忆资源，这一结论与提出注意力和工作记忆之间密切联系的理论不一致。
Many theories of attention have proposed that visual working memory plays an important role in visual search tasks. The present study examined the involvement of visual working memory in search using a dual-task paradigm in which participants performed a visual search task while maintaining no, two, or four objects in visual working memory. The presence of a working memory load added a constant delay to the visual search reaction times, irrespective of the number of items in the visual search array. That is, there was no change in the slope of the function relating reaction time to the number of items in the search array, indicating that the search process itself was not slowed by the memory load. Moreover, the search task did not substantially impair the maintenance of information in visual working memory. These results suggest that visual search requires minimal visual working memory resources, a conclusion that is inconsistent with theories that propose a close link between attention and working memory.