The State of the Science of Health and Wellness for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
The State of the Science of Health and Wellness for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
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DOI：
10.1352/1934-9556-51.5.385
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Larson, Sheryl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, Lynda Lahti;Humphries, Kathy;Larson, Sheryl
从历史上看，智力和发育残疾者经历了与以下几个因素有关的健康差异：缺乏获得高质量医疗服务的机会，保健提供者对满足其需求的准备不足，健康的社会决定因素（例如贫穷、种族和性别），以及未能将智力和发育残疾者纳入公共卫生努力和其他预防活动。在过去十年中，已经作出了更大的努力，通过各种活动，包括解决健康生活方式和更加重视培训保健提供者的方案，确定并开始解决缺碘症患者所经历的无数健康差异。文献中的空白包括缺乏干预试验、成功方法的重复研究，以及能够更好地比较生活在同一社区的缺碘症患者和非缺碘症患者的数据。减少缺碘症患者健康差异所需的未来研究的影响包括：更好地监测和治疗普通人群中常见的慢性疾病，这些疾病也有缺乏症患者的经历，更好地了解如何促进老年缺乏症患者的健康，解决不属于残疾服务系统的缺乏症患者的健康需求，更好地了解如何将缺乏症患者纳入卫生和保健方案；改进方法，通过更好地获得一般医疗保健或专门方案，以有效和具有成本效益的方式满足这一群体成员的医疗保健需求。
Historically, people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have experienced health disparities related to several factors including: a lack of access to high quality medical care, inadequate preparation of health care providers to meet their needs, the social determinants of health (e.g., poverty, race and gender), and the failure to include people with IDD in public health efforts and other prevention activities. Over the past decade, a greater effort has been made to both identify and begin to address myriad health disparities experienced by people with IDD through a variety of activities including programs that address health lifestyles and greater attention to the training of health care providers. Gaps in the literature include the lack of intervention trials, replications of successful approaches, and data that allow for better comparisons between people with IDD and without IDD living in the same communities. Implications for future research needed to reduce health disparities for people with IDD include: better monitoring and treatment for chronic conditions common in the general population that are also experienced by people with IDD, an enhanced understanding of how to promote health among those in the IDD population who are aging, addressing the health needs of people with IDD who are not part of the disability service system, developing a better understanding of how to include people with IDD in health and wellness programs, and improving methods for addressing the health care needs of members of this group in an efficient and cost-effective manner, either through better access to general medical care or specialized programs.