Working time trends and developments in Europe
Working time trends and developments in Europe
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DOI：
10.1093/cje/beq022
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Messenger, Jon C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Messenger, Jon C.
本文的目的是总结欧洲工作时间的主要趋势和发展。本文所分析的欧洲地区不仅包括欧盟现有的27个成员国，而且还超越了欧盟的国界。本文审查了在数据有限的情况下尽可能广泛的国家（特别是欧盟以外的国家）工作时间的趋势和模式，重点是：平均每周工作时间和工作“过长时间”的工人比例（定义为每周正常工作时间为48小时或更长）；关于一种独特的工作时间安排形式，即非全时工作的发展，重点是每个国家非全时工作的发生率，这种发生率随时间的变化，非全时就业的女性比例以及与非全时工作质量有关的问题；最后考虑了整个欧洲工作时间组织的趋势，重点关注非标准工作时间表（例如夜班和周末工作）和轮班工作的发生率，以及各个企业部署各种灵活工作时间安排的程度。最后，本文在一个广泛的框架内提出了一些政策建议，旨在推动国际劳工组织（劳工组织）在工作时间方面的体面工作概念。
The objective of this paper is to summarise what is known about key trends and developments in working time across Europe. The European Region analysed in this paper includes not only the 27 current member states of the European Union (EU), but extends even beyond its borders. This paper review trends and patterns in working hours in the broadest range of countries possible given data limitations (especially outside the EU), with a focus on: average weekly hours of work and the proportion of workers working 'excessively long hours' (defined as usual working hours of 48 or more per week); developments regarding one unique form of working time arrangement, part-time work, with a focus on the incidence of part-time work in each country, changes in this incidence over time, the female share of part-time employment and issues related to the quality of part-time jobs; and finally considers trends in the organisation of working time across Europe, with a focus on the incidence of non-standard work schedules (e.g. night work and weekend work) and shift work, as well as the extent to which various types of flexible working time arrangements are being deployed in individual enterprises. Finally, the paper presents some policy suggestions within a broad framework designed to advance the International Labour Organisation (ILO) concept of decent work in the area of working time.