Phylogenetic evidence for a flower size and number trade-off.
Phylogenetic evidence for a flower size and number trade-off.
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DOI：
10.3732/ajb.94.12.2059
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发表时间：
2007-12
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
R. Sargent;C. Goodwillie;S. Kalisz;R. Ree
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Sargent;C. Goodwillie;S. Kalisz;R. Ree
在花序上一起展示的花的大小和数量影响传粉者的吸引和花粉的传递和接收，并且是植物繁殖成功和适合性的组成部分。生活史理论预测，花卉展示的进化受制于花和花序的大小和数量之间的权衡。事实上，花朵大小和花朵数量之间的权衡是花序结构模型和花卉展示演变的关键假设。然而，令人惊讶的是，这种权衡的经验证据有限。特别是，对于花的大小和数量之间的权衡，缺乏系统发育学证据。对63科251种被子植物的系统发育独立对比分析表明，花大小与花数呈显著负相关。在较小的系统发育尺度上，对个别属的分析并不总是找到权衡的证据，这一结果与之前研究单一物种或属的权衡一致。我们的研究是第一次支持被子植物范围内花大小和花数量之间的权衡，并支持生活史限制影响花展示进化的理论。
The size and number of flowers displayed together on an inflorescence (floral display) influences pollinator attraction and pollen transfer and receipt, and is integral to plant reproductive success and fitness. Life history theory predicts that the evolution of floral display is constrained by trade-offs between the size and number of flowers and inflorescences. Indeed, a trade-off between flower size and flower number is a key assumption of models of inflorescence architecture and the evolution of floral display. Surprisingly, however, empirical evidence for the trade-off is limited. In particular, there is a lack of phylogenetic evidence for a trade-off between flower size and number. Analyses of phylogenetic independent contrasts (PICs) of 251 angiosperm species spanning 63 families yielded a significant negative correlation between flower size and flower number. At smaller phylogenetic scales, analyses of individual genera did not always find evidence of a trade-off, a result consistent with previous studies that have examined the trade-off for a single species or genus. Ours is the first study to support an angiosperm-wide trade-off between flower size and number and supports the theory that life history constraints have influenced the evolution of floral display.