How the noninflammasome NLRs function in the innate immune system.

How the noninflammasome NLRs function in the innate immune system.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1184004
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发表时间:
2010-01-15
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lei Y
Lei Y
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ting JP;Duncan JA;Lei Y

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NLR(核苷酸结合域,富含亮氨酸重复序列)蛋白作为免疫和炎症的中枢调节蛋白迅速出现,并被证明与人类疾病有关。许多注意力集中在几个NLRs激活炎症体复合体和驱动炎性细胞因子的蛋白水解性处理的能力上;然而,NLRs也调节免疫系统中重要的炎症体非依赖功能。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论其中的几个功能,包括调节典型和非典型的NF-κB激活,MAP激酶激活,细胞因子和趋化因子的产生,抗微生物活性氧的产生,I型干扰素的产生,以及核糖核酸酶L的活性。我们还将探索这些功能的机制基础,并提出该领域当前的挑战。
NLR (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing) proteins have rapidly emerged as central regulators of immunity and inflammation with demonstrated relevance to human diseases. Much attention has focused on the ability of several NLRs to activate the inflammasome complex and drive proteolytic processing of inflammatory cytokines; however, NLRs also regulate important inflammasome-independent functions in the immune system. In this review, we will discuss several of these functions, including the regulation of canonical and non-canonical NF-κB activation, MAP kinase activation, cytokine and chemokine production, antimicrobial reactive oxygen species production, type I interferon production, and RNase L activity. We will also explore the mechanistic basis of these functions and present current challenges in the field.
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