How to See the Unseen City
How to See the Unseen City
复制标题
如何观赏看不见的城市
作者：
S. Upson
本文介绍了世界上一些城市如何对地下基础设施、管网、下水道和管道进行检查的不同方法和设备。在纽约，使用电子监听设备作为第一道防线来检查地下管道。维护人员将麦克风悬挂在检修孔下，并将其连接到总水管上，以评估水流是否受到泄漏的干扰。更详细的检查是在管道内进行的，使用的基本上是轮子上的摄像机。在管道行业的行话中，这种工具被奇怪地称为聪明的猪。除了捕捉数字视频，猪还可以在水线上下进行雷达和声纳扫描，在它滚下管道时搜索墙壁上的凹痕和洞。它用里程表轮子记录自己的位置，并可能配备磁性传感器来检查金属管中的偏差。另一方面，日本在地理空间信息服务方面是个例外，它有一个名为ROADIC的国家地图库。这个地下测绘系统由覆盖在道路地图上的公用事业网格组成，公用事业公司和建筑商在破土动工之前会参考这些地图。
This paper presents different methods and equipments used on how to inspect underground infrastructures, networks, sewers, and pipes in some cities around the world. In New York, underground pipes are inspected using an electronic listening equipment as its first line of defense. Maintenance workers dangle a microphone down a manhole and attach it to a water main to assess whether flow has been disturbed by a leak. More detailed checks are conducted from within a pipe, using what is essentially a video camera on wheels. In pipeline lingo, such tools are quirkily known as smart pigs. In addition to capturing a digital video, a pig can perform radar and sonar scans above and below a water line, searching for indentations and holes in the walls as it rolls down in a pipe. It records its locations with odometer wheels and may be equipped with magnetic sensors to check for aberrations in metal pipes. On the other hand, Japan is the exception on the geospatial-information services front, with a national mapping repository known as ROADIC. This underground mapping system consists of utility grids layered over a road map that utilities and builders consult before breaking ground.