Planetesimal Population Synthesis: Pebble Flux-regulated Planetesimal Formation
Planetesimal Population Synthesis: Pebble Flux-regulated Planetesimal Formation
复制标题
星子种群合成:卵石通量调节的星子形成
DOI:
10.3847/1538-4357/ab05d9
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
T. Birnstiel
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
C. Lenz;H. Klahr;T. Birnstiel
We propose an expression for a local planetesimal formation rate proportional to the instantaneous radial pebble flux. The result—a radial planetesimal distribution—can be used as an initial condition to study the formation of planetary embryos. We follow the idea that one needs particle traps to locally enhance the dust-to-gas ratios sufficiently, such that particle gas interactions can no longer prevent planetesimal formation on small scales. The locations of these traps can emerge everywhere in the disk. Their occurrence and lifetime is subject to ongoing research; thus, here they are implemented via free parameters. This enables us to study the influence of the disk properties on the formation of planetesimals, predicting their time-dependent formation rates and the location of primary pebble accretion. We show that large α-values of 0.01 (strong turbulence) prevent the formation of planetesimals in the inner part of the disk, arguing for lower values of around 0.001 (moderate turbulence), at which planetesimals form quickly at all places where they are needed for proto-planets. Planetesimals form as soon as dust has grown to pebbles (mm to dm) and the pebble flux reaches a critical value, which is after a few thousand years at 2–3 au and after a few hundred thousand years at 20–30 au. Planetesimal formation lasts until the pebble supply has decreased below a critical value. The final spatial planetesimal distribution is steeper compared to the initial dust and gas distribution, which helps explain the discrepancy between the minimum mass solar nebula and viscous accretion disks.
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DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201527716
发表时间:
2016
期刊:
arXiv: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
影响因子:
--
作者:
M.H.R.
通讯作者:
M.H.R.
DOI:
10.3847/2041-8213/aaf742
发表时间:
2018-12
期刊:
The Astrophysical Journal Letters
影响因子:
--
作者:
C. Dullemond;T. Birnstiel;Jane Huang;N. Kurtovic;S. Andrews;V. Guzm'an;L. P'erez;A. Isella;Zhaohuan Zhu;M. Benisty;D. Wilner;X. Bai;J. Carpenter;Shangjia Zhang;L. Ricci
通讯作者:
C. Dullemond;T. Birnstiel;Jane Huang;N. Kurtovic;S. Andrews;V. Guzm'an;L. P'erez;A. Isella;Zhaohuan Zhu;M. Benisty;D. Wilner;X. Bai;J. Carpenter;Shangjia Zhang;L. Ricci
影响因子:
4.8
作者:
Blum, Juergen;Gundlach, Bastian;Snodgrass, Colin
通讯作者:
Snodgrass, Colin
影响因子:
3.2
作者:
Leinhardt Z
通讯作者:
Leinhardt Z
影响因子:
4.8
作者:
Nelson R
通讯作者:
Nelson R