A thesis to probe unique exoplanet regimes with micro-arcsecond astrometry and precision closure phases at CHARA and VLTI

A thesis to probe unique exoplanet regimes with micro-arcsecond astrometry and precision closure phases at CHARA and VLTI
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一篇利用 CHARA 和 VLTI 的微弧秒天体测量和精确闭合相位探测独特系外行星状态的论文

DOI:
10.1117/12.2630035
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Proceedings of the SPIE
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Beltz, Hayley
Beltz, Hayley
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gardner, Tyler;Monnier, John D.;Fekel, Francis C.;Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste;Scovera, Adam;Schaefer, Gail;Kraus, Stefan;Adams, Fred C.;Anugu, Narsireddy;Beltz, Hayley

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在本论文工作中,我们利用长基线干涉测量的独特能力来填补系外行星参数空间的两个空白:1)发现比太阳质量更大的恒星周围的新行星(ARMADA项目),以及2)表征已知行星非常接近其主星(PRIME项目)。目前的探测方法很难在热(A/ b型)恒星周围找到系外行星。我们正在突破地面光学干涉仪的天文测量极限,利用ARMADA对亚弧秒a / b型双星系统进行测量。在CHARA/MIRC-X和VLTI/GRAVITY的短期观测中,我们正在实现几十微弧秒级别的天文测量精度。这种令人难以置信的精度使我们能够探测双星系统中围绕单个恒星运行的巨大行星的au区。我们介绍了我们的调查现状,包括我们在CHARA新实施的标准子波长校准方法,探测到新的恒星质量伴星,以及在某些情况下,探测不到几个木星质量的限制。通过Project PRIME,我们展示了基于地面的光学干涉测量可以用于测量具有精确闭合相位的近距离“热木星”型系外行星的轨道相关光谱。探测这类行星的红外光谱使我们能够对大气环流模型施加有用的约束。我们在CHARA用MIRC-X和MYSTIC对热木星系外行星Ups和b进行了注入测试,以表明我们达到了2e-4的对比度。这两种方法的前景表明,光学干涉仪是探测系外行星科学独特体制的宝贵工具。
In this thesis work, we exploit the unique capabilities of long baseline interferometry to fill two gaps in exoplanet parameter space: 1) the discovery of new planets around stars more massive than the Sun (Project ARMADA), and 2) the characterization of known planets that are extremely close to their host star (Project PRIME). Current detection methods struggle to find exoplanets around hot (A/B-type) stars. We are pushing the astrometric limits of ground-based optical interferometers to carry out a survey of sub-arcsecond A/B-type binary systems with ARMADA. We are achieving astrometric precision at the few tens of micro-arcsecond level in short observations at CHARA/MIRC-X and VLTI/GRAVITY. This incredible precision allows us to probe the au-regime for giant planets orbiting individual stars of the binary system. We present the status of our survey, including our newly implemented etalon wavelength calibration method at CHARA, detection of new stellar mass companions, and non-detection limits down to a few Jupiter masses in some cases. With Project PRIME, we show that ground-based optical interferometry can be used to measure the orbit-dependent spectra of close-in “hot Jupiter”-type exoplanets with precision closure phases. Detecting the infrared spectra of such planets allows us to place useful constraints on atmosphere circulation models. We perform injection tests with MIRC-X and MYSTIC at CHARA for the hot Jupiter exoplanet Ups And b to show that we are reaching down to a contrast of 2e-4. The promise of both these methods demonstrate that optical interferometers are a valuable tool for probing unique regimes of exoplanet science.
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