Gonadal steroids and hypothalamic galanin and neuropeptide Y: Role in eating behavior and body weight control in female rats
Gonadal steroids and hypothalamic galanin and neuropeptide Y: Role in eating behavior and body weight control in female rats
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DOI：
10.1210/en.139.4.1771
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发表时间：
1998-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wang, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leibowitz, SF;Akabayashi, A;Wang, J
基于对雄性啮齿动物的研究，神经肽甘丙肽（GAL）和神经肽Y（NPY）被认为在控制营养摄入和代谢的能量平衡中起作用。虽然这些肽也参与生殖，但对它们在女性能量平衡中的特定功能知之甚少。在消耗实验室食物或大量营养素饮食的大鼠中，使用RIA和免疫组织化学测量整个发情周期的下丘脑GAL和NPY;循环激素，雌二醇，孕酮和LH;以及食物摄入量和体重。GAL和NPY的水平在雌性周期的发情前期达到峰值，此时循环中的雌二醇和孕酮也升高。如先前报道的GAL，在两个区域检测到该峰值，内侧视前区（MPOA; +110%; P < 0.05）和正中隆起的外部区域（+57%; P < 0.05）。此外，在室旁核（PVN），特别是前小细胞部分（+ 35%; P < 0.05），可见此发情前期峰。同样，在动情前期，除了MPOA（+78%; P <0.05）和弓状核（+35%; P <0.05）外，室旁核内侧区（+21%; P < 0.05）的NPY也升高。这种肽水平的峰值伴随着接受实验室食物饮食的大鼠中热量摄入的增加和接受大量营养素饮食的大鼠中对脂肪偏好的特定增加。偏爱高脂肪饮食的动物在MPOA以及PVN和正中隆起中表现出更高水平的GAL，特别是在MPOA中也表现出更高水平的NPY。MPOA中的这些肽在具有更大体脂的动物中类似地增强，与饮食无关。这一证据表明，在雌性大鼠中，MPOA中的GAL和NPY可能有助于在富含脂肪的饮食期间发生的暴饮暴食和体重增加。
The neuropeptides, galanin (GAL) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), based on studies in male rodents, are believed to have a role in controlling energy balance, both nutrient ingestion and metabolism. Whereas these peptides are also involved in reproduction, little is known about their specific function in energy balance in females. In rats consuming lab chow or macronutrient diets, measurements across the estrous cycle were taken of hypothalamic GAL and NPY, using RIA and immunohistochemistry; of the circulating hormones, estradiol, progesterone, and LH; and also of food intake and body weight. Levels of GAL and NPY peak during the proestrous phase of the female cycle when circulating estradiol and progesterone also rise. As previously reported for GAL, this peak is detected in two areas, the medial preoptic area (MPOA; +110%; P < 0.05) and the external zone of the :median eminence (+ 57%; P < 0.05). In addition, this proestrous peak is seen in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), specifically the anterior parvocellular portion (+ 35%; P < 0.05). Similarly, NPY rises during proestrous in the medial region of the PVN (+21%; P < 0.05) in addition to the MPOA (+78%; P < 0.05) and arcuate nucleus (+35%; P < 0.05). This peak in peptide levels is accompanied by an increase in caloric intake in rats receiving the lab chow diet and a specific increase in preference for fat in rats receiving macronutrient diets. Animals showing a preference for a fat-rich diet exhibit higher levels of GAL in the MPOA as well as the PVN and median eminence and also of NPY specifically in the MPOA. These peptides in the MPOA are similarly enhanced in animals with greater body fat, independent of diet. This evidence suggests that in the female rat, both GAL and NPY in the MPOA may contribute to the overeating and increased weight gain that occur during a fat-rich diet.