Contrast and range effects for category, magnitude and labeled magnitude scales in judgements of sweetness intensity
Contrast and range effects for category, magnitude and labeled magnitude scales in judgements of sweetness intensity
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DOI：
10.1093/chemse/25.1.85
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发表时间：
2000-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Spiers, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lawless, HT;Horne, J;Spiers, W
标记幅度尺度（LMS）是一种口头锚定的准数字间隔响应尺度，具有类似于幅度估计的特性。三个实验研究LMS是否显示出与幅度估计和类别尺度相似的上下文效应。使用了两种版本的LMS，一种在高端锚定到最强的可想象的甜味，另一种锚定到最强的可想象的口腔感觉。在一个简单的对比实验中，受试者判断10%蔗糖水果饮料的甜度，在不太甜（5%）的饮料或更甜（20%）的饮料的背景下。与之前的文献一致，对于所有缩放方法，在低背景下判断甜度更强，在高背景下判断甜度较弱。在第二个实验中，这种效果持续（虽然较小）时，上下文项目之前被评为项目，所谓的“反向对”设计。再一次，所有缩放方法的效果都非常显著。在第三个实验中，使用宽范围和窄范围的浓度检查范围效应。心理物理功能在广泛的背景下是平坦的，在狭窄的背景下是陡峭的，与以前的观察范围映射偏差一致。这一结果在所有尺度上都得到了。在三个常见的上下文效应中，标记的幅度尺度的行为与其他缩放程序类似。如果个体有不同的经验背景，他们在其中做出判断，那么它在个体之间的比较中的应用可能是有限的。
The labeled magnitude scale (LMS) is a verbally anchored quasi-logarithmically spaced response scale with properties similar to magnitude estimation. Three experiments examined whether the LMS showed context effects similar to those found with magnitude estimation and category scales. Two versions of the LMS were used, one anchored at the high end to the strongest imaginable sweetness and the other to the strongest imaginable oral sensation. In a simple contrast experiment, subjects judged the sweetness of a 10% sucrose fruit beverage in the context of a less sweet (5%) beverage or a more sweet (20%) beverage. Consistent with previous literature, the sweetness was judged more intense in the low context and less intense in the high context, for all scaling methods. In a second experiment, this effect persisted (although was smaller) when the contextual item preceded the to-be-rated item, a so-called 'reversed-pair' design. Once again, the effect was highly significant for all scaling methods. In a third experiment, a range effect was examined using wide and narrow ranges of concentration. Psychophysical functions were flatter in a wide context and steeper in a narrow context, consistent with previous observations on range-mapping bias. This result was obtained for all scales. In three common contextual effects, the labeled magnitude scale behaved similarly to other scaling procedures. Its application to comparisons across individuals may be limited if those individuals have different experiential contexts within which they make their judgements.