BASEMENT CONTROL OF CARBONIFEROUS SEDIMENTATION IN NORTHERN ENGLAND
BASEMENT CONTROL OF CARBONIFEROUS SEDIMENTATION IN NORTHERN ENGLAND
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英格兰北部石炭系沉积的基底控制
DOI：
10.1144/pygs.36.2.175
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发表时间：
1967
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
G. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Johnson
地球物理学证据为英格兰北方的基隆构造区和盆地构造区的分布提供了解释。这些火山岩的下面是加里东期或更老的花岗岩块体，这些花岗岩块体自泥盆纪或更早的时代就位以来就施加了强烈的积极构造控制。这些积极的结构区形成逐渐缩小的岛屿和高地在石炭纪时代至少直到晚维宪，在某些情况下，相当晚。构造盆地和海槽环绕着岛屿地区，在这里沉积了很厚的沉积物。沉积开始于图尔奈期，在某些地区是老红砂岩沉积的延续。构造沉降是形成沉积盆地和引起石炭纪海侵的主要原因。根据地幔流理论（Bott，1964 a），早期盆地形成和后来更广泛的造陆沉降与加里东山脉的均衡隆起有关。在整个石炭纪期间，基底对沉积作用产生了深刻的构造控制。在盆地和碎屑岩地区的沉积相分布取决于这种控制，因为是碎屑沉积物的连续供应。它形成了约勒代尔相和一定程度上的煤系相旋回沉积的控制机制。某些石炭纪丘状生物礁的分布也可能受基底控制。
Summary Geophysical evidence has provided an explanation for the disposition of massif and basinal structural regions in northern England. The massifs are underlain by granite masses of Caledonian age or older which have exerted a strong positive tectonic control since their emplacement in Devonian or earlier times. These positive structural regions formed gradually dwindling islands and uplands during Carboniferous times at least until the late Visean and in some cases considerably later. Structural basins and troughs surrounded the island areas and here great thicknesses of sediments were deposited. Deposition began in Tournaisian times and in some regions was a continuation of Old Red Sandstone sedimentation. Subsidence, forming basins of deposition and causing the initial Carboniferous marine transgression, is shown to be of tectonic origin. Early basin formation and later, and more widespread, epeirogenic subsidence are linked to isostatic uplift of the Caledonian mountain ranges following the mantle flow theory (Bott, 1964a). Throughout the Carboniferous Period the Basement exerted a profound tectonic control on sedimentation. The distribution of sedimentary facies in basinal and cratonic regions is dependent on this control as is the continuous supply of clastic sediment. It forms the controlling mechanism of cyclic sedimentation of Yoredale and to some extent Coal Measures facies. The disposition of some Carboniferous knoll reefs may also have a basement control.