Environmental factors have a strong impact on the composition and diversity of the gut bacterial community of Chinese black honeybees
Environmental factors have a strong impact on the composition and diversity of the gut bacterial community of Chinese black honeybees
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环境因素对中国黑蜂肠道细菌群落的组成和多样性有很大影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.aspen.2018.01.002
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Peng, Wenjun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao, Yazhou;Chen, Yanping;Peng, Wenjun
中国黑蜂是欧洲蜜蜂的一个生态类型，由意大利蜜蜂和欧洲蜜蜂自然杂交而成。M.卡尼卡。它分布在中国北方的自然保护区，是抗病和其他优良性状的重要育种资源。与保护区以外的地区相比，自然保护区不仅为中国黑蜜蜂提供了显着的生物多样性效益，而且还为其他有价值的植物和动物提供了生物多样性效益。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，包括食物选择在内的环境因素在塑造肠道微生物群的组成和活性方面发挥着重要作用，而这反过来又会影响宿主的健康。在以往对中国黑蜂的研究中，很少有人注意到肠道中微生物的多样性，而微生物对宿主健康起着至关重要的作用。为了更好地了解环境因素对蜜蜂肠道菌群多样性和组成的影响，采用末端限制性片段长度多态性（T-RFLP）技术对中国黑蜜蜂肠道菌群进行了分析。结果表明，为保护和丰富中华黑蜂的自然条件和资源而进行保护和管理的国家级自然保护区的样品，其肠道细菌的种类和丰富度均高于非保护区的样品。结果表明，中国黑蜂优势菌的T-RFs序列为201、223、247和320 bp。其中247和320 bp在不同地区采集的蜜蜂群体间差异较大，可作为区分国家级自然保护区和非保护区蜜蜂群体的遗传标记。研究结果表明，国家级自然保护区对生物多样性的保护以及生态和进化过程对中华黑蜂肠道细菌多样性有重要影响。中国黑蜜蜂肠道共生菌的普遍存在表明环境因素可能对肠道细菌的多样性和组成起着重要作用，并需要进一步研究这些肠道细菌对蜜蜂健康的功能意义。
The Chinese black honeybees is an ecotype of the European honeybee that is formed by the natural hybridization of Apis mellifera mellifera and A. m. carnica. It is distributed in nature reserves in North China and has been an important breeding resource for disease resistance and other desirable traits. Compared to the areas outside of reserves, the nature reserves offer significant biodiversity benefits not only to the Chinese black honey bees but also to the other valuable plants and animals. In recent years there has been growing evidence that environmental factors including food choices play an important role in shaping the composition and activity of gut microbiota, which in turn can impact host health. In the previous studies on Chinse black honeybees, little attention has been paid to the diverse population of microbes in the gut that play a vital role in host health. In order to achieve a better understanding on the role of environmental factors in diversity and composition of gut microbiota of honey bees, in the present study, we analyzed the gut bacterial communities of Chinese black honeybees using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). The results showed that the samples from the national nature reserves that are protected and managed so as to preserve and enrich their natural condition and resources for Chinese black honeybees had higher variety and richness of gut bacteria than that collected from unreserved regions that also harbor populations of Chinese black honeybees. The four terminal restriction fragments (T-RFs), 201, 223, 247 and 320 bp, were identified to be the dominant bacteria of Chinese black honeybees. Of which 247 and 320 bp had greater differences between bee groups sampled in different regions and therefore could be used as genetic markers to separate samples collected from the national nature reserves to samples collected from unreserved regions. The results clearly indicate that national nature reserve protects biological diversity and ecological and evolutionary processes which have had a significant influence on the diversity of gut bacteria of Chinese black honeybees. The ubiquity of gut symbiotic bacteria identified in Chinese black honeybee suggests that environmental factors could play an important role in diversity and composition of gut bacteria and warrant further investigation into the functional significance of these gut bacteria for the honeybee health.