HPV vaccination and the effects on rates of HPV-related cancers
HPV vaccination and the effects on rates of HPV-related cancers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2018.06.004
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Feldman, Sarah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
St Laurent, Jessica;Luckett, Rebecca;Feldman, Sarah
在全球范围内，人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染是最常见的性传播感染之一。HPV与至少五种恶性肿瘤有关，包括外阴癌、阴道癌、肛门阴茎癌、口咽癌和宫颈癌。目前有三种HPV疫苗可用：二价（HPV 16、18）、四价（HPV 6、11、16、18）和九价（6、11、16、18、31、33、45、52、58），靶向2至7种致癌HPV血清型。这篇综述强调了目前HPV相关癌症的流行病学负担，目前HPV疫苗的有效性，并推测了广泛接种HPV疫苗的好处。目前，在行业赞助的临床试验和有限的临床有效性研究中，所有三种疫苗都能有效减少宫颈疾病和肛门生殖器发育不良。模型预测消除HPV感染的全球疫苗接种率为80%，并在减少恶性肿瘤的20%的全球覆盖率的好处。需要对这些疫苗进行大规模的基于人群的临床疗效研究，以评估疫苗接种的真正影响。HPV疫苗为预防恶性肿瘤提供了一种有希望的主要方法，必须解决获得疫苗的障碍，以实现疫苗接种目标。(C)2018爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Globally, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infection. HPV is linked to at least five malignancies including vulvar, vaginal, anal penile, oropharyngeal, and cervical cancer. Three HPV vaccines are currently available: bivalent (HPV 16,18), quadrivalent (HPV 6,11,16,18), and nonavalent (6,11,16,18,31,33,45,52,58) targeting between 2 and 7 oncogenic HPV serotypes. This review highlights the currently epidemiologic burden of HPV-related cancers, efficacy of current HPV vaccines, and speculates about the benefits of widespread HPV vaccination. At present, all three vaccines are effective in reducing cervical disease and anogenital dysplasia in industry sponsored clinical trials and in limited study of clinical effectiveness. Models predict elimination of HPV infection with global vaccination rates of 80% and benefits in reducing malignancy at 20% global coverage. Large population-based clinical efficacy studies of these vaccines will be necessary to assess the true impact of vaccination. HPV vaccines provide a promising primary approach to preventing malignancy and barriers to vaccine access must be addressed to meet vaccination goals. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.