The Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer
The Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a030361
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Mucci, Lorelei A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pernar, Claire H.;Ebot, Ericka M.;Mucci, Lorelei A.
前列腺癌是男性患病和死亡的主要原因，每年有160万男性被诊断患有前列腺癌，366 000人死于前列腺癌。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与前列腺癌风险相关的特定遗传、生活方式和饮食因素的证据状态。鉴于这种癌症的生物学异质性，我们将重点放在晚期或致死性前列腺癌的危险因素上。首先，我们提供了世界各地前列腺癌发病率和死亡率的描述性流行病学统计和模式。这包括讨论前列腺特异性抗原筛查对前列腺癌流行病学的影响。接下来，我们总结了一些有强烈或可能有关联的风险因素的证据：遗传、肥胖和体重变化、体育活动、吸烟、番茄红素和西红柿、鱼、维生素D和钙以及他汀类药物。最后，对前列腺癌流行病学研究的未来方向进行了展望。
Prostate cancer is a major cause of disease and mortality among men, and each year 1.6 million men are diagnosed with and 366,000 men die of prostate cancer. In this review, we discuss the state of evidence for specific genetic, lifestyle, and dietary factors associated with prostate cancer risk. Given the biological heterogeneity of this cancer, we focus on risk factors for advanced or fatal prostate cancer. First, we provide descriptive epidemiology statistics and patterns for prostate cancer incidence and mortality around the world. This includes discussion of the impact of prostate-specific antigen screening on prostate cancer epidemiology. Next, we summarize evidence for selected risk factors for which there is strong or probable evidence of an association: genetics, obesity and weight change, physical activity, smoking, lycopene and tomatoes, fish, vitamin D and calcium, and statins. Finally, we highlight future directions for prostate cancer epidemiology research.