Effects of Grain Shape Genes Editing on Appearance Quality of Erect-Panicle Geng/Japonica Rice.
Effects of Grain Shape Genes Editing on Appearance Quality of Erect-Panicle Geng/Japonica Rice.
复制标题
粒形基因编辑对直穗梗/粳稻外观品质的影响
DOI：
10.1186/s12284-021-00517-5
复制
发表时间：
2021-08-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hu P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mao T;Zhu M;Sheng Z;Shao G;Jiao G;Mawia AM;Ahmad S;Xie L;Tang S;Wei X;Hu S;Hu P
由于其优良的外观品质，较高的市场偏好度。致密直立穗1号(Dep1)基因已在中国高产水稻品种选育中得到广泛应用。然而，这种基因会导致短而圆的谷粒形状，从而降低了它在全球大米市场上的吸引力。因此，利用dep1基因与主效粒形基因相结合选育高产水稻品种具有重要的现实意义。到目前为止，多个粒形基因的作用机理已经很清楚，但在水稻直立穗型水稻的背景下，主粒型基因对稻米外观品质的影响还有待进一步阐明，报道较少。利用CRISPR/Cas9技术，在盐丰47(YF47ade1)背景上构建了一系列近等基因系(YF47ade1-Gw8、YF47ade1-GS3、YF47ade1-GL7、YF47ade1-qgl3和YF47des1-tgw6)。籽粒外观和产量构成因素分析表明：(1)除YF47ade1-GS3外，其余近等基因系的粒长宽比均显著高于YF47de1；(2)垩白度显著降低；(3)在所有近等基因系中，YF47ade1-GW8籽粒的长宽比最大，垩白度最低；(4)颖壳细胞组成和胚乳灌浆特性分别是造成籽粒形状和垩白变异的两个关键因素。YF47ade1-GS3和YF47ade1-tgw6的产量显著高于YF47ade1，而YF47ade1-qgl3的产量最低，其原因是有效穗数和千粒重显著下降。以上结果表明，将Dep1基因与主效粒形等位基因聚合是改良直立穗庚/粳稻米外观品质的有效途径，GS3和TGW6等位基因可直接用于长粒粒水稻的选育，GW8基因编辑后外观品质较好，但产量较低，难以直接利用，可作为核心种质资源利用。网上版载有补充材料，可在10.1186/s12284-021-00517-5查阅。
Long grain geng/japonica rice has a higher market preference due its excellent appearance quality. The dense and erect-panicle 1 (dep1) gene has been widely used in the breeding of high-yielding geng/japonica rice cultivars in China. However, this gene causes short and round grain shape thus making it less attractive in global rice markets. Therefore, breeding of high-yielding long-grain geng/japonica rice cultivars by incorporating dep1 with major-effect grain shape gene is of high priority in rice industry. Up to now, multiple grain shape genes’ effect mechanism has been clearly elaborated, however, under the background of erect-panicle geng/japonica rice, the effect of major grain shape genes on the appearance quality need to be further clarified, as detailed reports are limited. Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 technology, a series of near-isogenic lines (NILs) (YF47dep1-gw8, YF47dep1-gs3, YF47dep1-gl7, YF47dep1-qgl3 and YF47dep1-tgw6) in Yanfeng 47(YF47dep1) background were created. Grain appearance and yield components analysis showed that: (1) All NILs’ grain length to width ratio was significantly increased compared to that of YF47dep1, excepted YF47dep1-gs3, (2) The chalkiness degree was significantly reduced in all of the NILs, (3) In all of the NILs, YF47dep1-gw8 grains exhibited the greatest length to width ratio and the lowest chalkiness degree, (4) The composition of glume cells and filling characteristics of the endosperm were two key factors contributing grain shape and grain chalk variations, respectively, and v) Owning to a substantial increase in the thousand grain weight, the yields of YF47dep1-gs3 and YF47dep1-tgw6 were significantly higher than that of YF47dep1, whereas YF47dep1-qgl3 exhibited the lowest yield because of a dramatic decrease in the effective panicle number and thousand grain weight. All the results revealed that pyramiding dep1 with major-effect grain shape alleles was an effective approach to improving the appearance quality of erect-panicle geng/japonica rice, owning to both of the appearance quality and yield improvement, GS3 and TGW6 alleles can be applied directly for breeding long-grain shape geng/japonica rice, and editing GW8 resulted in excellent appearance quality but low yield, therefore, this gene would be difficult to use directly but can be considered as the core germplasm resource. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12284-021-00517-5.