Effects of spacing and embellishment on memory for the main points of a text
Effects of spacing and embellishment on memory for the main points of a text
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间距和修饰对文本要点记忆的影响
作者：
L. Reder;John R. Anderson
通过学习课本摘要而不是阅读原文来获得课本知识有其优势（Reder &安德森，1980）。本文提出了三项研究，有助于确定汇总优势的原因。一个可能的原因是，阅读摘要可以让受试者隔一定时间重读要点，而间隔练习比集中练习优越上级。第二个可能的原因是，细节的存在分散了主体的注意力，使其从应该注意的关键思想上移开。在Reder和安德森（1980）中，这两个因素是混杂的，但在本研究中它们是不混杂的。结果表明，两种可能的原因，间隔的做法和缺乏细节，有显着的，独立的，积极的影响，保留的中心思想的一个通道。
An advantage has been found for acquiring textbook knowledge by studying textbook summaries rather than reading the original prose (Reder & Anderson, 1980). Three studies are presented that help to establish the cause of the summary advantage. One possible cause is that reading summaries allows the subject to reread the main points at spaced intervals, and spaced practice is superior to massed practice. A second possible cause is that the presence of details distracts the subject’s attention away from the critical ideas that should be attended to. In Reder and Anderson (1980), these two factors were confounded, but they are unconfounded in the present studies. The results indicate that both possible causes, spaced practice and the absence of details, have significant, independent, and positive effects on retention of the central ideas of a passage.