Intranasal Oxytocin Failed to Affect Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Social Behavior.
Intranasal Oxytocin Failed to Affect Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Social Behavior.
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鼻内催产素未能影响黑猩猩（Pan Troglodytes）社会行为。
DOI：
10.12966/abc.04.08.2016
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
de Waal FBM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Proctor D;Calcutt SE;Burke K;de Waal FBM
催产素已被建议作为一种治疗方法，以促进自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)患者的积极社会互动。然而，在现实的社会环境中，很难在实验室外测试这种效果。解决这个问题的一种方法是研究具有复杂社会关系的密切相关物种的行为变化，例如黑猩猩。在这里，我们使用圈养的、社交寄宿的黑猩猩来评估催产素在社交复杂环境中的效果。在给一只黑猩猩(总共8只)鼻腔注射催产素或安慰剂后，她回到了她的社会团体。一位对这种情况视而不见的实验者测量了受试者的社会行为。我们没有发现不同情况下的行为差异。由于使用催产素治疗自闭症的目的之一是在现实世界中增加亲社会行为，因此我们未能检测到我们最亲近的亲属的行为变化是有问题的。然而，我们的无效发现可能与方法学上的挑战有关，例如确定黑猩猩催产素的有效剂量，以及催产素需要多长时间才能通过血脑屏障。因此，需要对鼻腔内催产素的剂量和摄取进行更多的研究，以继续探索催产素是否会改变自然环境中的社会行为，并将其作为自闭症的治疗方法。
Oxytocin has been suggested as a treatment to promote positive social interactions in people with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). However, it is difficult to test this effect outside of the laboratory in realistic social situations. One way to resolve this issue is to study behavioral changes in closely related species with complex social relationships, such as chimpanzees. Here, we use captive, socially housed chimpanzees to evaluate the effects of oxytocin in a socially complex environment. After administering intranasal oxytocin or a placebo to an individual chimpanzee (total n = 8), she was returned to her social group. An experimenter blind to the condition measured the subject's social behavior. We failed to find a behavioral difference between conditions. As one of the goals for oxytocin administration as a treatment for ASD is increasing prosocial behaviors during ‘real world’ encounters, it is problematic that we failed to detect behavioral changes in our closest living relatives. However, our null findings may be related to methodological challenges such as determining an effective dose of oxytocin for chimpanzees and how long oxytocin takes to cross the blood-brain barrier. Thus, more research on intranasal oxytocin dosing and uptake are needed to continue exploring whether oxytocin changes social behavior in naturalistic settings and as a treatment for ASD.