State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan : The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863)
State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan : The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863)
复制标题
十九世纪阿富汗的国家和部落：阿米尔·多斯特·穆罕默德汗的统治（1826-1863）
DOI：
10.4324/9780203358429
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
C. Noelle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Noelle
除了英国在1839-42年和1878-80年的英阿战争期间两次短暂的直接干预外，19世纪的阿富汗历史迄今为止很少受到西方学者的关注。本研究旨在将辩论的重点从对阿富汗的地缘战略关注转移到对该国国内普遍存在的社会政治环境的彻底调查上，阿富汗是俄罗斯帝国和英国利益之间的争论焦点。根据未出版的英国文件和阿富汗历史学家的作品，它为更好地理解早期穆罕默德扎时代的政治机制奠定了基础，从中心和皮尔菲的角度对其进行了分析。第一章描述了支持国家的精英的起源及其在萨多扎伊王朝衰落和阿米尔·多斯特·穆罕默德·汗崛起期间所占据的地位。第二章追溯了乌兹马扎伊在小突厥斯坦地区的权力扩张及其对当地乌兹别克领导层的影响。第三章分析了普什图人的政治地位，特别提到了生态，经济和历史因素，形成了各种部落设置和战略，相对于一个-马马扎伊声称至高无上的。第四章考察了阿米尔·多斯特·穆罕默德·汗试图集中他的行政管理，并以一种重要的方式改变法院和部落领导人之间的权力分配，但大多是徒劳的。“一项极好的研究。Noelle博士的研究涵盖了新的领域，填补了我们对19世纪世纪阿富汗这一重要时期知识的空白。'
With the exception of two short periods of direct British intervention during the Anglo-Afghan Wars of 1839-42 and 1878-80, the history of nineteenth-century Afghanistan has received little attention from western scholars so far. This study seeks to shift the focus of debate from the geostrategic concern with Afghanistan as the bone of contention between imperial Russian and British interests to a thorough investigation of the sociopolitical circumstances prevailing within the country. On the basis of unpublished British documents and works by Afghan historians, it lays the groundwork for a better understanding of the political mechanisms at work during the early Muhammadzai era by analysing them both from the viewpoint of the center and the pierphery. Chapter One depicts the origins of the state-supporting elite and the position it assumed during the decline of the Sadozai dynasty and the rise of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan. Chapter Two traces the expansion of Muhammadzai authority in Lesser Turkistan and its effect on the local Uzbek leadership. Chapter Three analyses the political position of the Pashtuns with special reference to the ecological, economic and historical factors shaping a variety of tribal settings and strategies vis-a -vis Muhammadzai claims to supremacy. Chapter Four examines Amir Dost Muhammad Khan's mostly futile attempts to centralise his administration and to change the distribution of power between the court and the tribal leadership in a significant manner. 'A superb piece of research. Dr Noelle's study covers new ground and fills a gap in our knowledge of this important period in 19th century Afghanistan.'