Immune functions of C‐type lectins in medical arthropods
Immune functions of C‐type lectins in medical arthropods
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DOI：
10.1111/1744-7917.13169
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Zhi-xiang Ming;Zhiqiang Chen;Hao Tong;Xia Zhou;Tingting Feng;Dai Jianfeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhi-xiang Ming;Zhiqiang Chen;Hao Tong;Xia Zhou;Tingting Feng;Dai Jianfeng
C型凝集素（CTL）是一个含有1个或多个碳水化合物识别结构域（CRD）的蛋白质家族，在钙离子存在下与广泛的配体库结合。CTL通过充当入侵病原体（如细菌、病毒和寄生虫）的模式识别受体（PRR），在针对微生物的先天免疫防御中发挥重要作用。在与病原体相关配体结合后，CTL介导免疫应答，如凝集、吞噬作用和酚氧化酶祖细胞的活化，从而清除病原体。CTL是在几乎所有脊椎动物和无脊椎动物中发现的进化上保守的家族。医用节肢动物可以通过吸血、兰辛和寄生等多种途径获得和传播一系列病原体，从而感染人类和动物相关疾病，其中一些可能危及生命。最近的研究表明，凝集素是节肢动物免疫系统的重要组成部分，是节肢动物对节肢动物传播的病原体的免疫应答所必需的。本文综述了目前对重要医学节肢动物CTL的结构、功能和信号通路的研究进展。
C‐type lectins (CTLs) are a family of proteins that contain 1 or more carbohydrate‐recognition domains (CRDs) and bind to a broad repertoire of ligands in the presence of calcium ions. CTLs play important roles in innate immune defenses against microorganisms by acting as pattern‐recognition receptors (PRRs) for invading pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. After binding to pathogen‐associated ligands, CTLs mediate immune responses, such as agglutination, phagocytosis, and the activation of phenol oxidase progenitors, thereby clearing pathogens. CTLs are an evolutionarily conserved family found in almost all vertebrates and invertebrates. Medical arthropods can acquire and transmit a range pathogens through various approaches, such as bloodsucking, lancing, and parasitism, thus infecting humans and animals with related diseases, some of which can be life‐threatening. Recent studies have shown that lectins are important components of the arthropod immune system and are essential for the immune responses of arthropods to arthropod‐borne pathogens. This article reviews the current understanding of the structure, function, and signaling pathways involved in CTLs derived from important medical arthropods.