Cytokines and cytokine networks target neurons to modulate long-term potentiation.
Cytokines and cytokine networks target neurons to modulate long-term potentiation.
复制标题
细胞因子及细胞因子网络作用于神经元，以调节长时程增强效应。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.03.005
复制
发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
13
通讯作者：
Cotman CW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prieto GA;Cotman CW
细胞因子在包括神经元和胶质细胞在内的脑细胞之间的通讯以及脑-外周相互作用中起着至关重要的作用。在大脑中，细胞因子调节长时程增强（LTP），这是一种与记忆相关的细胞。细胞因子是通过直接作用于神经元还是通过非神经元细胞介导的间接机制来调节LTP，目前尚不清楚。阐明细胞因子的神经元特异性作用一直具有挑战性，因为大多数脑细胞表达细胞因子受体。此外，细胞因子通常增加多种细胞因子在其靶细胞中的表达，从而增加脑细胞因子网络的复杂性，即使在单细胞因子挑战后。在这里，我们审查的证据直接和间接介导的调制LTP的细胞因子。我们还描述了基于神经元和突触体富集系统的新方法，通过靶向神经元和突触来鉴定能够直接调节LTP的细胞因子。这些方法可以并行测试多个样品，从而允许同时研究多种细胞因子。因此，细胞因子网络的角度加上神经元特异性分析可能有助于描绘地图的调制LTP细胞因子。
Cytokines play crucial roles in the communication between brain cells including neurons and glia, as well as in the brain-periphery interactions. In the brain, cytokines modulate long-term potentiation (LTP), a cellular correlate of memory. Whether cytokines regulate LTP by direct effects on neurons or by indirect mechanisms mediated by non-neuronal cells is poorly understood. Elucidating neuron-specific effects of cytokines has been challenging because most brain cells express cytokine receptors. Moreover, cytokines commonly increase the expression of multiple cytokines in their target cells, thus increasing the complexity of brain cytokine networks even after single-cytokine challenges. Here, we review evidence on both direct and indirect-mediated modulation of LTP by cytokines. We also describe novel approaches based on neuron- and synaptosome-enriched systems to identify cytokines able to directly modulate LTP, by targeting neurons and synapses. These approaches can test multiple samples in parallel, thus allowing the study of multiple cytokines simultaneously. Hence, a cytokine networks perspective coupled with neuron-specific analysis may contribute to delineation of maps of the modulation of LTP by cytokines.