THE FORMATION OF VISUAL STIMULUS EQUIVALENCES IN CHILDREN
THE FORMATION OF VISUAL STIMULUS EQUIVALENCES IN CHILDREN
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DOI：
10.1901/jeab.1984.41-251
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
SANCHEZ, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LAZAR, RM;DAVISLANG, D;SANCHEZ, L
对4名正常儿童进行了一系列的样本匹配任务，使用了5组视觉刺激，分别命名为a、b、c、d和e。每个集合由3个刺激组成，因此集合a与集合d的匹配意味着集合a中的每个刺激作为样本，集合d中的所有3个刺激作为比较。受试者首先被教授ad和dc匹配，然后能够进行ac/ca匹配而不需要额外的训练。在直接讲授ED后，出现了Ce/EC和ae/EA性能。在CB培训之后，展示了3个新的等值：AB/ba、EB/BE和db/BD。对每个刺激的口头命名表明，受试者没有为同一类别的刺激分配一个共同的标签，这表明命名对于刺激等值的形成并不是必要的。反应中介的缺失表明，与样本匹配可以形成直接的刺激-刺激关联。显然，生殖性表现是现有刺激-控制关系的结果。
Four normal children were presented a series of matching-to-sample tasks, using 5 sets of visual stimuli designated a, b, c, d and e. Stimulus equivalences were established by matching stimuli from 1 set to those from another set. Each set consisted of 3 stimuli so matching set a to set d meant that each stimulus in set a served as a sample with all 3 stimuli in set d as comparisons. Subjects were first taught ad and dc matching and were then able to perform ac/ca matching without additional training. After ed was taught directly, ce/ec and ae/ea performances emerged. Following cb training, 3 new equivalences were demonstrated: ab/ba, eb/be and db/bd. Oral naming of each stimulus showed that subjects had not assigned a common label to stimuli in the same class indicating that naming is not necessary for the formation of stimulus equivalences. The absence of response mediation suggests that matching to sample can form direct stimulus-stimulus associations. Apparently, generative performances are outcomes of existing stimulus-control relationships.