The Role of Microbial Community Composition in Controlling Soil Respiration Responses to Temperature.
The Role of Microbial Community Composition in Controlling Soil Respiration Responses to Temperature.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0165448
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Prosser JI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Auffret MD;Karhu K;Khachane A;Dungait JA;Fraser F;Hopkins DW;Wookey PA;Singh BK;Freitag TE;Hartley IP;Prosser JI
全球气温上升可能会增加异养微生物分解土壤有机质的速度，可能会向大气中释放更多二氧化碳(CO2)，从而进一步加速气候变化。然而，微生物群落对长期变暖的反应可能会改变土壤呼吸的温度敏感性，这给这种正反馈的强度带来了很大的不确定性。补偿反应(长期降低土壤呼吸的温度敏感性)和增强反应(增加温度敏感性)都已有报道，但这些反应背后的机制尚不清楚。本研究测定了18种土壤的微生物生物量、群落结构以及脱氢酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的活性，这些土壤以前对异养微生物呼吸的温度敏感性没有反应，或者表现出不同程度的增强或补偿反应。与变暖实验不同，土壤降温方法通过最小化基质可用性的变化来区分微生物群落反应和基质耗尽的后果。最初的微生物群落组成由土壤的分子分析确定，这些土壤对降温表现出不同的呼吸反应，这提供了证据，表明增强反应的程度部分与微生物群落组成有关。也有证据表明，腐生担子菌较高的相对丰度可以解释在一个土壤中观察到的补偿反应，但微生物生物量和酶能力都不会受到降温的显著影响。我们的发现强调了土壤微生物群落对全球变化反馈的关键重要性，但也强调了我们的理解仍然有限的重要领域。
Rising global temperatures may increase the rates of soil organic matter decomposition by heterotrophic microorganisms, potentially accelerating climate change further by releasing additional carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. However, the possibility that microbial community responses to prolonged warming may modify the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration creates large uncertainty in the strength of this positive feedback. Both compensatory responses (decreasing temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in the long-term) and enhancing responses (increasing temperature sensitivity) have been reported, but the mechanisms underlying these responses are poorly understood. In this study, microbial biomass, community structure and the activities of dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase enzymes were determined for 18 soils that had previously demonstrated either no response or varying magnitude of enhancing or compensatory responses of temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic microbial respiration to prolonged cooling. The soil cooling approach, in contrast to warming experiments, discriminates between microbial community responses and the consequences of substrate depletion, by minimising changes in substrate availability. The initial microbial community composition, determined by molecular analysis of soils showing contrasting respiration responses to cooling, provided evidence that the magnitude of enhancing responses was partly related to microbial community composition. There was also evidence that higher relative abundance of saprophytic Basidiomycota may explain the compensatory response observed in one soil, but neither microbial biomass nor enzymatic capacity were significantly affected by cooling. Our findings emphasise the key importance of soil microbial community responses for feedbacks to global change, but also highlight important areas where our understanding remains limited.
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