Social comparison and body image in adolescence: a grounded theory approach
Social comparison and body image in adolescence: a grounded theory approach
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DOI：
10.1093/her/cym076
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Iphofen, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krayer, A.;Ingledew, D. K.;Iphofen, R.
本研究探讨了社会比较评价在青少年生活中的应用，特别是增强评价，它可以用来对抗对自我的威胁。社会比较理论越来越多地用于定量研究，以了解有关外貌的社会信息影响青少年身体形象的过程。人们对他们日常生活中使用的比较过程知之甚少——个体比较谁（目标），个体比较什么（属性）以及他们如何比较（比较评价）。基于对12至14岁男孩和女孩的20个深入的扎根理论访谈的分析，我们建议比较过程用于身份发展（核心类别）的目的。如果有机会，青少年会自发地描述各种目标、比较属性和比较评价。同伴在理解媒体图像和信息方面起着重要作用，他们自己也提供了比较对象。青少年意识到社会标准和压力，并使用一系列提高评价。这些积极的影响可能取决于个人的特点。研究结果表明，增强评价可能具有保护功能，在设计健康促进和预防方案时应予以考虑。
This study explored the use of social comparison appraisals in adolescents' lives with particular reference to enhancement appraisals which can be used to counter threats to the self. Social comparison theory has been increasingly used in quantitative research to understand the processes through which societal messages about appearance influence adolescents' body image. Little is known about the comparison processes used in their daily lives-to whom individuals compare (the target), on what individuals compare (the attribute) and how they compare (comparison appraisal). Based on the analysis of 20 in-depth grounded theory interviews with 12- to 14-year old boys and girls, we suggest that comparison processes are used for the purpose of identity development (core category). Given the opportunity, adolescents spontaneously describe a variety of targets, comparison attributes and comparison appraisals. Peers play an important part in making sense of media images and messages and provide comparison targets themselves. Adolescents are aware of societal standards and pressures and use a range of enhancement appraisals. The positive impact of these might depend on individual characteristics. Findings suggest that enhancement appraisals might have a protective function and should be considered in designing health promotion and prevention programmes.