The 'scaly-foot gastropod': a new genus and species of hydrothermal vent-endemic gastropod (Neomphalina: Peltospiridae) from the Indian Ocean
The 'scaly-foot gastropod': a new genus and species of hydrothermal vent-endemic gastropod (Neomphalina: Peltospiridae) from the Indian Ocean
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DOI：
10.1093/mollus/eyv013
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Rogers, Alex D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Chong;Linse, Katrin;Rogers, Alex D.
“鳞足腹足类”被广泛认为是印度洋深海热液喷口生态系统的标志性物种。在腹足类中，这种物种的脚上有数百个真皮片，这些鳞片可以覆盖在硫化铁中，硫化铁也覆盖在它的外壳上，使它成为唯一已知的利用硫化铁作为骨架一部分的后生动物。它还没有正式命名，尽管吸引了科学家和公众的极大关注，尽管偶尔在各种来源中使用手稿名称。2011年，RRS詹姆斯库克JC 67探险队首次对西南印度洋脊龙旗喷口区（南纬37度47.027 '，东经49度38.963'）的生物群进行了采样，揭示了以前未知的“鳞脚腹足类”种群。本研究正式命名了鳞足腹足类（Scaly-foot Gastropod），即鳞足腹足类（Scomallon squamiferum n.）gen.，n. sp.，模式产地为龙岐喷口。新的单型属的勃起的形态和分子特征的支持，区分它从现有的属的家庭Peltospiridae。细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I基因的分析显示，马龙与盾螺旋体科的其他五个属之间的成对距离为24-26%，而这五个属之间的范围为14- 25%。根据形态学特征，包括缺乏两性异形，无交配器官，边缘齿的末端细分为许多齿状突起，鳃小叶的腹侧边缘带有一系列隆起，将新属归入盾螺旋体科。一个五基因贝叶斯系统发育重建并不矛盾内Peltospiridae的位置。
The 'scaly-foot gastropod' is widely recognized as an iconic species of deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystems in the Indian Ocean. Uniquely among gastropods, this species carries hundreds of dermal sclerites on its foot and these scales can be covered in iron sulphide that also covers its shell, making it the only extant metazoan known to utilize iron sulphide as part of its skeleton. It has not been formally named, despite attracting great attention from both scientists and the general public alike, although a manuscript name has occasionally been used in various sources. The RRS James Cook JC67 expedition in 2011 sampled the biota of the Longqi vent field (37 degrees 47.027'S, 49 degrees 38.963'E), Southwest Indian Ridge, for the first time, revealing a previously unknown population of the 'scaly-foot gastropod'. The present study gives a formal name to the 'scaly-foot gastropod', Chrysomallon squamiferum n. gen., n. sp. with Longqi vent field as the type locality. The erection of the new monotypic genus is supported by both morphological and molecular characterization, differentiating it from existing genera of the family Peltospiridae. Analysis of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene reveals a 24-26% pairwise distance between Chrysomallon and five other genera of Peltospiridae, while the range among those five genera is 14-25%. The new genus is placed in the family Peltospiridae based on morphological characteristics, including lack of sexual dimorphism, no copulatory organ, the distal end of marginal teeth being subdivided into many denticles and the ventral margin of the gill leaflets carrying a series of bulges. A five-gene Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction does not contradict the placement within Peltospiridae.