Detecting Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Family History as a Risk Factor and Screening Tool
Detecting Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Family History as a Risk Factor and Screening Tool
复制标题
检测未确诊的 2 型糖尿病：家族史作为危险因素和筛查工具
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
R. Valdez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Valdez
糖尿病家族史是糖尿病的主要危险因素。因此，它通常被包括在各种旨在检测糖尿病风险人群或未确诊糖尿病人群的工具中。筛查糖尿病的原因之一是它有一个长期的无症状阶段，包括空腹血糖受损，葡萄糖耐量受损和糖尿病的早期阶段。就患病率而言，糖尿病是一个主要的公共卫生问题。有证据表明，在早期阶段（糖尿病前期）检测到葡萄糖代谢受损可能会延迟或预防疾病及其并发症。然而，使用家族史筛查糖尿病的问题必须在一般糖尿病筛查的背景下讨论。在无症状人群中进行疾病筛查必须满足一系列严格的要求，以确保最佳结果。糖尿病筛查满足了大多数这些要求，但它不满足的仍然是重要的。因此，基于系统收集的证据或科学家之间的共识，有影响力的组织建议只在高风险人群中进行筛查。因此，研究人员开发了各种简单的工具来识别人群中糖尿病的高危人群。在绝大多数情况下，家族史是一个关键变量。本文简要概述了一般筛查糖尿病的原因，可用于进行这种筛查的工具，以及家族史在这些工具中的作用。
A family history of diabetes is a major risk factor for the disease. As such, it is often included in a variety of tools designed to detect either people at risk of diabetes or people with undiagnosed diabetes. One of the reasons to screen for diabetes is that it has a prolonged asymptomatic phase, which includes impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and the early stages of diabetes. In terms of prevalence, diabetes is a major public health problem. Evidence shows that the detection of impaired glucose metabolism in its early stages (prediabetes) could lead to the delay or prevention of the disease and its complications. However, the issue of using family history to screen for diabetes must be discussed within the context of screening for diabetes in general. Screening for a disease among asymptomatic people must meet a series of stringent requirements to ensure the best possible outcomes. Screening for diabetes meets most of these requirements but the ones it does not meet are still important. Therefore, based on systematically collected evidence or simply by consensus among scientists, influential organizations recommend screening only among high-risk individuals. As a result, researchers have developed a variety of simple tools to identify high-risk individuals for diabetes in populations. Family history is included as a key variable in the vast majority of them. This article is a brief overview of the reasons to screen for diabetes in general, the tools available for conducting this screening, and the role of family history in these tools.