Potential roles of enteric glia in bridging neuroimmune communication in the gut1
Potential roles of enteric glia in bridging neuroimmune communication in the gut1
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.00384.2016
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Gulbransen, Brian D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chow, Aaron K.;Gulbransen, Brian D.
肠神经系统（ENS）是一个神经元和神经胶质细胞的网络，控制正在进行的胃肠道（GI）功能。ENS损坏或损伤可能导致功能性GI疾病。目前的数据支持这样的结论，即许多功能性胃肠道疾病是由肠道微生物和免疫系统之间的不平衡引起的，但ENS如何参与这些相互作用尚不清楚。由于ENS靠近胃肠道中的细菌和其他外来抗原，因此必须防止这些抗原通过胃肠道上皮。如果任何外来化合物设法通过GI上皮，则触发免疫应答以防止对ENS和底层结构的损伤。然而，需要仔细调节炎症反应，以允许充分消除外来抗原，同时避免如在自身免疫性疾病中免疫系统的不适当的过度激活。肠神经元和神经胶质细胞能够执行这些免疫调节功能，提供足够的保护ENS。我们回顾最近的研究检查ENS和免疫系统之间的相互作用，特别关注肠神经胶质细胞和它们的能力，以调节炎症的ENS。
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a network of neurons and glia that controls ongoing gastrointestinal (GI) functions. Damage or injury to the ENS can lead to functional GI disorders. Current data support the conclusion that many functional GI disorders are caused by an imbalance between gut microbes and the immune system, but how the ENS is involved in these interactions is less understood. Because of the proximity of the ENS to bacteria and other foreign antigens in the GI tract, it is important to prevent the passage of these antigens through the GI epithelium. If any foreign compounds manage to pass through the GI epithelium, an immune response is triggered to prevent injury to the ENS and underlying structures. However, careful modulation of the inflammatory response is required to allow for adequate elimination of foreign antigens while avoiding inappropriate overactivation of the immune system as in autoimmune disorders. Enteric neurons and glial cells are capable of performing these immunomodulatory functions to provide adequate protection to the ENS. We review recent studies examining the interactions between the ENS and the immune system, with specific focus on enteric glial cells and their ability to modulate inflammation in the ENS.