Preparation and characterization of PLA/PCL/HA composite scaffolds using indirect 3D printing for bone tissue engineering
Preparation and characterization of PLA/PCL/HA composite scaffolds using indirect 3D printing for bone tissue engineering
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DOI：
10.1016/j.msec.2019.109960
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Talaei-Khozani, Tahereh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hassanajili, Shadi;Karami-Pour, Ali;Talaei-Khozani, Tahereh
基于3D打印的技术可以制造支架，提供很高的精度来控制内部结构，并根据缺陷部位打印复杂的结构。然而，直接印刷中使用的材料取决于所使用的印刷技术而受到限制，而间接印刷可以克服这一限制。在本研究中，间接3D打印的方法来开发骨支架材料从聚乳酸/聚己内酯/羟基磷灰石（PLA/PCL/HA）复合材料。将复合材料悬浮液浇铸到可溶解的3D打印阴模中，以使用冷冻干燥/颗粒浸出方法实现同时的大孔和微孔复合材料。分别采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和能量色散谱（EDS）对支架的形态、功能基团和元素分析进行评价。采用液体置换法测定支架的孔隙率。通过压缩试验和压缩模量测定，考察了支架的力学强度。综合考虑支架的微观结构、孔隙率、孔径大小和力学性能，以PLA/PCL 70/30 w/w和35%HA组成的支架较为理想。PLA/PCL/HA 70/30 - 35%支架的孔隙率为77%，平均孔径为160 μ m，杨氏模量为1.35 MPa。以MG 63细胞为材料，研究了PLA/PCL比例为70/30、50/50和30/70以及HA固定量（35%）时PLA/PCL/HA支架的细胞粘附、存活和矿物质沉积情况。细胞毒性评价表明，细胞可以在支架上存活和增殖。结果表明，PLA/PCL质量比为70/30的复合支架具有较好的生物相容性、活性和骨诱导性能。
3D printing-based technologies can fabricate scaffolds offer great precision to control internal architecture and print complicated structures based upon the defect site. However, the materials used in the direct printing are restricted depending on the printing technology used and the indirect one can overcome this limitation. In the present study, indirect 3D printing approach was used to develop bone scaffolds from polylactic acid/poly-caprolactone/hydroxyapatite (PLA/PCL/HA) composites. Casting of the composite suspensions was done into a dissolvable 3D printed negative mold, in order to achieve simultaneous macro- and micro-porous composites, using freeze drying/particle leaching method. To evaluate morphology, functional groups, and elemental analysis of the scaffolds, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were respectively used. Scaffolds' porosity was measured with the aid of liquid replacement technique. Also, the mechanical strength of scaffolds was examined by compression test and measuring the compressive modulus Considering the microstructure, porosity and pore size as well as mechanical property, the scaffold composed of PLA/PCL 70/30 w/w and 35% HA was more favorable. The PLA/PCL/HA 70/30-35% scaffold presented a porosity of 77%, an average pore size of 160 mu m, and Young's modulus of 1.35 MPa. Cell adhesion, viability and mineral deposits formation for PLA/PCL/HA scaffolds at PLA/PCL ratios of 70/30, 50/50 and 30/70 and the fixed amount of HA (35%) were also studied in vitro by the means of MG63 cells. The cytotoxicity assessment showed that the cells could be viable and proliferate on the scaffolds. The results indicated that composite scaffold with the PLA/PCL weight ratio of70/30 accomplished more favorable properties in terms of biocompatibility, viability, and osteoinduction property.