Identifying New York City Neighborhoods at Risk of Being Overlooked for Interventions
Identifying New York City Neighborhoods at Risk of Being Overlooked for Interventions
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DOI：
10.5888/pcd17.190325
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Dragan, Kacie L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kang, Joy X.;Seligson, Amber Levanon;Dragan, Kacie L.
公共卫生机构往往面临着在何处以及如何分配资金和资源的困难决定。资源分配问题是公共卫生政策的核心;然而，与资源分配有关的决定有时是通过非正式或主观的方法做出的。我们引导读者通过一个过程来确定纽约市（NYC）不同社区的需求，方法是使用纽约市卫生和心理卫生部（DOHMH）于2015年发布的社区健康概况报告中的数据来检查社区一级的健康结果。在纽约市，社区区由社区委员会代表，社区委员会为满足社区需求提供了一个论坛，使社区委员会成为审查卫生信息和将数据转化为行动的有用地理单位。我们检查了每个社区的患病率估计值和健康指标的95%置信区间，以确定显着的差异，并计算了患病率或患病率的相对差异，以了解每个差异的相对大小。最后，我们证明了这种方法的应用程序，通过识别一组社区被忽视的公共卫生干预措施的常规方法，因为在这些社区存在的差距的相对数量的机会很高。我们目前的差距配置文件（差距和相对差距的数量）集群内的每个街区的信息，并讨论潜在的公共卫生影响。这种方法可以应用于其他司法管辖区，为公共卫生规划和资源分配提供信息。
Public health agencies are often faced with difficult decisions about where and how to allocate funding and resources. This question of resource allocation is central to public health policy; however, decisions related to resource allocation are sometimes made via informal or subjective approaches. We walk readers through a process of identifying needs across different neighborhoods in New York City (NYC) by examining community district-level health outcomes using data from published Community Health Profile reports released by the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) in 2015. In NYC, community districts are represented by community boards that provide a forum for addressing the needs of the community, making them a useful geographic unit for examining health information and turning data into action. We examined prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals of health indicators in each community district to identify significant disparities and calculated relative disparities in rates or prevalence to understand the relative magnitude of each disparity. Lastly, we demonstrate an application of this approach by identifying a cluster of neighborhoods with a high chance of being overlooked for public health interventions by conventional methods because of the relative number of disparities that exist in these neighborhoods. We present information on the disparity profile (number of disparities and relative disparity) for each neighborhood within the cluster and discuss potential public health implications. This approach can be applied to other jurisdictions to inform public health planning and resource allocation.