Ornamental evolution in Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata): insights from sensory processing-based analyses of entire colour patterns
Ornamental evolution in Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata): insights from sensory processing-based analyses of entire colour patterns
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特立尼达孔雀鱼（Poecilia reticulata）的观赏进化：基于感官处理的整个颜色模式分析的见解
DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2008.01112.x
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
G. Grether
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Kemp;D. Reznick;G. Grether
夸张的性装饰的进化传统上被认为是性选择和自然选择的对立向量之间的妥协。在基于颜色的装饰中，正如孔雀鱼（Poecilia reticulata）所展示的那样，增强的性状表达可能有利于提高吸引力，但在捕食方面代价高昂。如果同种动物和捕食者之间的感觉系统存在差异，那么协调这种妥协的机会就会存在；在这种情况下，孔雀鱼应该进化到利用它们的装饰对同类来说最显眼的方式。在本研究中，我们通过对地理变化的研究来解决这一假设，该研究采用了迄今为止对特立尼达孔雀鱼尝试过的最复杂的颜色分析。我们进行了两对对比，一个是两个 Aripo 种群之间的对比，它们在潜在捕食者 Aequidens pulcher 的存在情况下有所不同，另一个是 Quare 和 Marianne 种群之间的对比，它们在捕食性虾（Macrobrachium crenulatum）的暴露情况下有所不同。我们预测，如果装饰受到任一捕食者的存在的限制，那么在该捕食者看来，孔雀鱼的显着性在两个配对种群中的每一个中都应该发生最显着的变化。尽管整个颜色图案的视差分析表明两种对比度存在显着差异，但这一预测在 Marianne/Quare 对比度中得到了最明确的支持。与虾共存的玛丽安鱼表现出较大的黑斑，以及较不广泛、较不明亮的侧腹虹彩。亮度的降低是值得注意的，因为作为唯一具有专用紫外线 (UV) 感光器的潜在孔雀鱼捕食者，虾可以通过其亮紫外线的蓝色、紫罗兰色和“紫外线/橙色”检测到路过的雄性孔雀鱼。我们根据通过将光谱评估和视觉建模与更传统的颜色图案评估方法相结合可能获得的额外见解来讨论我们的发现。
The evolution of exaggerated sexual ornamentation is classically thought to proceed as a compromise between opposing vectors of sexual and natural selection. In colour-based ornamentation, as exhibited by guppies (Poecilia reticulata), heightened trait expression may be beneficial in promoting attractiveness, but costly in terms of predation. Opportunities to reconcile this compromise will exist if there are differences between conspecifics and predators in their sensory systems; in such situations guppies should evolve to exploit the ways in which their ornamentation would appear maximally conspicuous to conspecifics. In the present study, we addressed this hypothesis via a study of geographic variation employing the most sophisticated colour analysis yet attempted for Trinidadian guppies. We made two paired contrasts, one between two Aripo populations that vary in the presence of the potential predator Aequidens pulcher, and another between Quare and Marianne populations that vary in exposure to a predatory prawn, Macrobrachium crenulatum. We predicted that, if ornamentation is constrained by the presence of either predator, then guppy conspicuousness should change most markedly across each of the two paired populations as viewed by that predator. Although disparity analysis of entire colour patterns indicated significant differences in both contrasts, this prediction was most clearly supported for the Marianne/Quare contrast. Marianne fish, which co-exist with prawns, exhibited larger black spots coupled with less extensive, less bright flank iridescence. The brightness reductions are notable because, as the only potential guppy predator with a dedicated ultraviolet (UV) photoreceptor, prawns may detect passing male guppies via their UV-bright blues, violets and 'UV/oranges'. We discuss our findings in light of the additional insights that might be obtained by combining spectral assessments and visual modeling with more traditional methods of colour pattern appraisal.