Cigarette Smoking Among Persons With Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder in Routine Clinical Settings, 1999-2011
Cigarette Smoking Among Persons With Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder in Routine Clinical Settings, 1999-2011
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ps.001432012
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Yolken, Robert H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dickerson, Faith;Stallings, Catherine R.;Yolken, Robert H.
目的：本研究调查了1999-2011年期间精神分裂症或双相情感障碍患者和无精神障碍患者的吸烟率和吸烟量。方法：共有991名患有精神分裂症、双相情感障碍或无精神疾病的个体在招募时提供了他们的吸烟信息，他们被选择参加一项研究，而不考虑他们的吸烟状况。用多变量模型检验各组之间的差异和新入组者随时间变化的趋势。回归分析用于比较精神分裂症组和双相情感障碍组之间的吸烟情况。结果：各诊断组在吸烟率和吸烟量上存在显著差异。总体而言，64%的精神分裂症患者、44%的双相情感障碍患者和19%的非精神疾病患者报告称他们目前是吸烟者。这些组间差异在观察期间保持相当稳定，在调整人口统计学协变量后，吸烟或香烟消费没有统计学上显著的时间趋势。在精神疾病组中，吸烟和吸烟与受教育程度较低、药物滥用史、病程较长、高加索人种和精神分裂症诊断显著相关，但与精神症状严重程度无关。结论：在精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者中，吸烟的流行率仍然高得惊人。迫切需要协调一致的努力来促进这些群体的戒烟。（精神病学服务64:44- 50,2013;doi: 10.1176/app .ps.001432012）
Objective: This study examined the prevalence of cigarette smoking and the quantity of cigarettes consumed by individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and by those with no psychiatric disorder in the period 1999-2011. Methods: A total of 991 individuals with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or no psychiatric illness provided information about their cigarette smoking at recruitment into a research study for which they were selected without regard to their smoking status. Differences among groups and trends over time among new enrollees were examined with multivariate models. Regression analyses were used to compare smoking between the schizophrenia and bipolar disorder groups. Results: There were marked differences in the prevalence of smoking and in the quantity of cigarettes consumed among the diagnostic groups. Overall, 64% of individuals with schizophrenia, 44% with bipolar disorder, and 19% without psychiatric illness reported that they were current smokers. These group differences remained fairly constant over the observation period, and there were no statistically significant time trends in smoking or cigarette consumption after adjustment for demographic covariates. Within the psychiatric illness groups, smoking and cigarette consumption were significantly associated with less education, a history of substance abuse, longer illness duration, Caucasian race, and schizophrenia diagnosis but not with psychiatric symptom severity. Conclusions: The prevalence of smoking has remained alarmingly high among individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in routine psychiatric settings. Concerted efforts are urgently needed to promote smoking cessation in these groups. (Psychiatric Services 64:44-50, 2013; doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.001432012)