Durable resistance to the wheat rusts: integrating systems biology and traditional phenotype-based research methods to guide the deployment of resistance genes
Durable resistance to the wheat rusts: integrating systems biology and traditional phenotype-based research methods to guide the deployment of resistance genes
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DOI：
10.1007/s10681-010-0311-z
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Dubcovsky, Jorge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lowe, Iago;Cantu, Dario;Dubcovsky, Jorge
在有关潜在持久抗性策略的讨论中，赋予小麦对锈病部分抗性的基因非常突出。对这些基因中首批基因Lr34/Yr18和Yr36的定位克隆揭示了不同的蛋白质结构，这表明依据表型所定义的部分抗性基因类别可能将一系列功能不同的基因归为一组。由于标记和测序技术的不断进步，已定位的部分抗锈基因数量迅速增加，需要选择基因并确定其部署优先级的育种项目面临一个基本问题：哪些基因或基因组合更有可能对这些不断进化的病原体提供持久的保护？我们认为，要开始回答这个问题，需要对部分抗锈基因进行精细分类，这种分类不仅基于疾病表型，还基于基因克隆、分子功能特性以及与其他宿主和病原体蛋白质的相互作用。结合准确而详细的疾病表型分析和标准的遗传学研究，一个综合的小麦 - 锈病互作组有望为部分抗性基因的功能分类提供基础，从而为其合理部署提供一个概念框架。
Genes which confer partial resistance to the rusts in wheat figure prominently in discussions of potential durable resistance strategies. The positional cloning of the first of these genes, Lr34/Yr18 and Yr36, has revealed different protein structures, suggesting that the category of partial resistance genes, as defined by phenotype, likely groups together suites of functionally heterogenous genes. With the number of mapped partial rust resistance genes increasing rapidly as a result of ongoing advances in marker and sequencing technologies, breeding programs needing to select and prioritize genes for deployment confront a fundamental question: which genes or gene combinations are more likely to provide durable protection against these evolving pathogens? We argue that a refined classification of partial rust resistance genes is required to start answering this question, one based not merely on disease phenotype but also on gene cloning, molecular functional characterization, and interactions with other host and pathogen proteins. Combined with accurate and detailed disease phenotyping and standard genetic studies, an integrated wheat-rust interactome promises to provide the basis for a functional classification of partial resistance genes and thus a conceptual framework for their rational deployment.