Surgical Face Masks Worn by Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Impact on Infectivity of Air on a Hospital Ward
Surgical Face Masks Worn by Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Impact on Infectivity of Air on a Hospital Ward
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DOI：
10.1164/rccm.201107-1190oc
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发表时间：
2012-05-15
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Nardell, Edward A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dharmadhikari, Ashwin S.;Mphahlele, Matsie;Nardell, Edward A.
理由：耐药结核病在医院的传播威胁着工作人员和病人的健康。肺结核患者使用的外科口罩（TB）被认为可以减少传播，但还没有经过严格的test.Objectives：我们试图量化外科口罩的疗效时，患者佩戴的耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）。方法：在3个月内，17例肺MDR-TB患者占据了一个MDR-TB病房在南非和戴口罩，隔日。病房空气被排放到两个相同的腔室，每个腔室容纳90只无病原体的豚鼠，当患者戴外科口罩（干预组）或患者不戴口罩（对照组）时，这些豚鼠呼吸病房空气。有效性是基于每个腔室中豚鼠感染的差异。测量和主要结果：（76.6%; 95%置信区间[CI]，68-85%）被感染，而90只干预豚鼠中有36只被感染。结论：耐多药结核病患者戴口罩可显著降低结核病传播风险，为减少结核病传播提供了一种辅助措施。
Rationale: Drug-resistant tuberculosis transmission in hospitals threatens staff and patient health. Surgical face masks used by patients with tuberculosis (TB) are believed to reduce transmission but have not been rigorously tested.Objectives: We sought to quantify the efficacy of surgical face masks when worn by patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).Methods: Over 3 months, 17 patients with pulmonary MDR-TB occupied an MDR-TB ward in South Africa and wore face masks on alternate days. Ward air was exhausted to two identical chambers, each housing 90 pathogen-free guinea pigs that breathed ward air either when patients wore surgical face masks (intervention group) or when patients did not wear masks (control group). Efficacy was based on differences in guinea pig infections in each chamber.Measurements and Main Results: Sixty-nine of 90 control guinea pigs (76.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 68-85%) became infected, compared with 36 of 90 intervention guinea pigs (40%; 95% CI, 31-51%), representing a 56% (95% CI, 33-70.5%) decreased risk of TB transmission when patients used masks.Conclusions: Surgical face masks on patients with MDR-TB significantly reduced transmission and offer an adjunct measure for reducing TB transmission from infectious patients.