Ribosomal DNA and the Nucleolus as Keystones of Nuclear Architecture, Organization, and Function.

Ribosomal DNA and the Nucleolus as Keystones of Nuclear Architecture, Organization, and Function.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tig.2019.07.011
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发表时间:
2019-10
期刊:
Trends in genetics : TIG
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lemos B
Lemos B
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cerqueira AV;Lemos B

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多拷贝 rDNA 阵列为核仁提供了起源,核仁是一种占据细胞核大部分空间的大型非膜结合细胞器。 rDNA/核仁已成为一个协调中心,看似不同的细胞功能在其中汇聚,并从中出现各种细胞和有机体表型。然而,核仁作为核结构和基因组其他表观遗传状态的决定因素和组织者的作用尚未得到很好的理解。在这里,我们讨论 rDNA 和核仁在核组织和功能中的作用;从核仁相关结构域,到印记位点和 X 染色体失活的调节,以及锚定和定位 rDNA 相对于基因组其余部分的 rDNA 接触图。核仁对核组织的影响必然会调节多种生物过程;从新陈代谢到细胞增殖、全基因组基因表达、表观遗传状态的维持和衰老。
The multicopy rDNA array gives origin to the nucleolus, a large non-membrane bound organelle that occupies a substantial space of the cell nucleus. The rDNA/nucleolus have emerged as a coordinating hub in which seemingly disparate cellular functions converge and from which a variety of cellular and organismal phenotypes emerge. However, the role of the nucleolus as a determinant and organizer of nuclear architecture and other epigenetic states of the genome has not been well understood. Here, we discuss the role of the rDNA and the nucleolus in nuclear organization and function; from nucleolus associated domains, to the regulation of imprinted loci and X chromosome inactivation, and rDNA contact maps that anchor and position the rDNA relative to the rest of the genome. Nucleolus influence on nuclear organization is bound to modulate diverse biological processes; from metabolism to cell proliferation, genome-wide gene expression, the maintenance of epigenetic states, and aging.
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