Infants' Perception of Affordances of Slopes Under High- and Low-Friction Conditions
Infants' Perception of Affordances of Slopes Under High- and Low-Friction Conditions
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DOI：
10.1037/a0017450
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Eppler, Marion A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adolph, Karen E.;Joh, Amy S.;Eppler, Marion A.
三个实验研究了14个月和15个月大的婴儿是否使用摩擦和倾斜的信息来前瞻性地控制下坡运动。在实验1中，高和低摩擦条件交错的范围内浅和陡峭的斜坡。在实验2中，摩擦条件被阻塞。在实验3中，低摩擦表面在视觉上与周围的高摩擦表面不同。在所有三个实验中，婴儿在高摩擦条件下比在低摩擦条件下能走下更陡的斜坡。在高摩擦条件下，婴儿发现了走下坡路的启示，但在低摩擦条件下，他们试图不可能滑的斜坡，并反复摔倒。在这两种摩擦条件下，当婴儿停下来探索斜坡时，他们不太可能尝试超出他们能力的斜坡。探索引起的视觉信息倾斜（实验1和2）或视觉上不同的表面，标志着摩擦力的变化（实验3）。
Three experiments investigated whether 14- and 15-month-old infants use information for both friction and slant for prospective control of locomotion down slopes. In Experiment 1, high- and low-friction conditions were interleaved on a range of shallow and steep slopes. In Experiment 2, friction conditions were blocked. In Experiment 3, the low-friction surface was visually distinct from the surrounding high-friction surface. In all three experiments, infants could walk down steeper slopes in the high-friction condition than they could in the low-friction condition. Infants detected affordances for walking down slopes in the high-friction condition, but in the low-friction condition, they attempted impossibly slippery slopes and fell repeatedly. In both friction conditions, when infants paused to explore slopes, they were less likely to attempt slopes beyond their ability. Exploration was elicited by visual information for slant (Experiments 1 and 2) or by a visually distinct surface that marked the change in friction (Experiment 3).