Trends and college-level characteristics associated with the non-medical use of prescription drugs among US college students from 1993 to 2001
Trends and college-level characteristics associated with the non-medical use of prescription drugs among US college students from 1993 to 2001
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01733.x
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Wechsler, Henry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCabe, Sean Esteban;West, Brady T.;Wechsler, Henry
本研究调查了1993年至2001年间美国大学生非医疗使用处方药（即安非他明、阿片类药物、镇静剂、镇静剂）和非法药物使用的流行趋势和大学水平特征。设计数据收集自自我管理的邮件调查，在1993年至2001年的4年间，从全国119所大学的代表性样本中发送给独立的大学生横截面样本。1993年、1997年、1999年和2001年美国具有全国代表性的四年制大学。研究对象：1993年、1997年、1999年和2001年分别随机抽取15 282人、14 428人、13 953人和10 904人作为代表性样本。结果表明：1993 - 2001年，我市非医疗用药的终生患病率和12个月患病率呈上升趋势。具体的大学水平特征被发现与NMPD呈正相关（大麻使用）和负相关（历史上的黑人大学状态和通勤状态），在四个横截面样本中一致。在分层线性模型中发现，NMPD患病率随时间变化的轨迹在大学间存在显著差异，但未发现特定的大学水平特征可以解释轨迹上的所有变化，这表明需要进一步研究是什么决定了NMPD患病率趋势在大学间的差异。结论本研究结果表明，需要继续监测大学生NMPD和非法药物使用情况，大学物质预防计划应包括努力减少这些药物使用行为。
Aims The present study examines the prevalence trends and college-level characteristics associated with the nonmedical use of prescription drugs (i.e. amphetamines, opioids, sedatives, tranquilizers) and illicit drug use among US college students between 1993 and 2001. Design Data were collected from self-administered mail surveys, sent to independent cross-sectional samples of college students from a nationally representative sample of 119 colleges in 4 years between 1993 and 2001. Setting Nationally representative 4-year US colleges and universities in 1993, 1997, 1999 and 2001. Participants Representative samples of 15 282, 14 428, 13 953 and 10 904 randomly selected college students at these colleges in 1993, 1997, 1999 and 2001, respectively. Findings The results indicate that life-time and 12-month prevalence rates of non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMPD) increased between 1993 and 2001. Specific college-level characteristics were found to be correlated positively ( marijuana use) and negatively ( historically black college status and commuter status) with NMPD, consistently across the four cross-sectional samples. Significant between-college variation in terms of trajectories in the prevalence of NMPD over time was found in hierarchical linear models, and selected college-level characteristics were not found to explain all of the variation in the trajectories, suggesting the need for further investigation of what determines between-college variance in the prevalence trends. Conclusions The findings of the present study suggest that continued monitoring of NMPD and illicit drug use among college students is needed and collegiate substance prevention programs should include efforts to reduce these drug use behaviors.