Evaluation of the Maturity of Compost Made from Salmon Farm Mortalities
Evaluation of the Maturity of Compost Made from Salmon Farm Mortalities
复制标题
鲑鱼养殖场死亡堆肥的成熟度评估
DOI：
10.1006/jaer.1994.1051
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Lo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Liao;A. Chen;A. Vizcarra;K. Lo
摘要 研究了鲑鱼养殖场死鱼（morts）产生的堆肥中植物毒性有机酸和酚的浓度，作为堆肥成熟度的指标。最近开发的顶空气相色谱 (HS-GC) 技术用于测定浓度。本次堆肥研究采用了改良的静态堆肥方法。在两次单独的试验中使用了三种不同重量比的腐肉与锯末，堆肥材料层的不同配置也是如此。经过 60 天的曝气主动堆肥后，运行 1 的产品在不曝气的情况下储存，而运行 2 的产品则每天继续曝气 6 小时。这些产品的 HS-GC 分析显示有机酸浓度非常高，并含有大量苯酚。随着储存时间的延长，植物毒性有机酸和苯酚呈减少趋势。非充气产品的有机酸和苯酚消失速度比充气产品慢得多。有机酸和苯酚的浓度比水分含量、pH 值或碳氮比更能作为堆肥成熟度的可靠指标。顶空分析技术为鱼堆肥中这些植物毒性成分的检测提供了一种相对简单有效的方法。结果还表明，堆肥堆内腐肉和锯末的分布很重要。
Abstract The concentrations of phytotoxic organic acids and phenols in a compost produced from salmon farm mortalities (morts) were investigated as indices of compost maturity. A recently developed headspace-gas chromatograph (HS-GC) technique was used to determine the concentrations. A modified static pile method was employed in this composting study. Three different weight ratios of morts to sawdust were used in two separate runs, as were different configurations of layers of the composting materials. After 60 d of active composting with aeration, the products from Run 1 were stored without aeration, while aeration was continued for 6 h daily to those from Run 2. HS-GC analysis of these products showed very high concentrations of organic acids and a significant amount of phenol. The trend was for the phytotoxic organic acids and phenol to decrease as storage time increased. Organic acids and phenol disappeared much more slowly for the non-aerated products than for the aerated ones. The concentrations of organic acids and phenol served as a more reliable indicator of the degree of maturity of the composts than did moisture content, pH or the carbon to nitrogen ratio. The headspace analysis technique provided a relatively simple and effective method for the detection of these phytotoxic components of fish composts. Results also showed that the distribution of morts and sawdust within composting piles was important.