Large-scale early-wilting response of Central European forests to the 2018 extreme drought.
Large-scale early-wilting response of Central European forests to the 2018 extreme drought.
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DOI：
10.1111/gcb.15360
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Zimmermann NE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brun P;Psomas A;Ginzler C;Thuiller W;Zappa M;Zimmermann NE
干旱和高温的结合通过恶化树木的健康状况来影响森林生态系统，这可能导致大规模死亡，对生物多样性，碳循环和木材生产造成影响。因此，了解干旱事件如何影响树木健康以及哪些因素决定森林的敏感性和恢复力至关重要。我们分析了中欧森林对2018年夏季干旱的反应，10 × 10米卫星观测。通过将归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）的时间序列统计数据与早期枯萎的视觉分类观察结果相关联，我们发现干旱导致21，500 ± 2，800平方公里的早期落叶，特别是在德国中部和东部以及捷克共和国。高温和低降水量，特别是在8月，主要解释了这些大规模的模式，小到中等大小的树木，陡峭的斜坡和浅土壤是重要的区域风险因素。早期枯萎对森林生产力产生了持久的影响，受影响的树木在第二年春天显示出减少的绿色。我们的方法可靠地检测到大型个体冠的早期枯萎，并将其与关键的环境驱动因素联系起来。它为监测和预测未来几十年干旱后可能出现的早期枯萎反应提供了坚实的基础。我们分析了中欧森林对2018年夏季干旱的反应，10 × 10米卫星观测。通过将归一化植被指数的时间序列统计数据与早期枯萎的航空观测相关联，我们发现干旱导致21，500 ± 2，800平方公里的早期落叶，特别是在德国和捷克共和国。温度和降水主要解释了这些大规模的模式，中小型树木，陡峭的斜坡和浅土壤是区域风险因素。我们的方法为监测和预测未来几十年干旱后可能出现的早期枯萎提供了良好的基础。
The combination of drought and heat affects forest ecosystems by deteriorating the health of trees, which can lead to large‐scale die‐offs with consequences on biodiversity, the carbon cycle, and wood production. It is thus crucial to understand how drought events affect tree health and which factors determine forest susceptibility and resilience. We analyze the response of Central European forests to the 2018 summer drought with 10 × 10 m satellite observations. By associating time‐series statistics of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with visually classified observations of early wilting, we show that the drought led to early leaf‐shedding across 21,500 ± 2,800 km2, in particular in central and eastern Germany and in the Czech Republic. High temperatures and low precipitation, especially in August, mostly explained these large‐scale patterns, with small‐ to medium‐sized trees, steep slopes, and shallow soils being important regional risk factors. Early wilting revealed a lasting impact on forest productivity, with affected trees showing reduced greenness in the following spring. Our approach reliably detects early wilting at the resolution of large individual crowns and links it to key environmental drivers. It provides a sound basis to monitor and forecast early‐wilting responses that may follow the droughts of the coming decades. We analyze the response of Central European forests to the 2018 summer drought with 10 × 10 m satellite observations. By associating time‐series statistics of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index with aerial observations of early wilting, we show that the drought led to early leaf‐shedding across 21,500 ± 2,800 km2, in particular in Germany and the Czech Republic. Temperature and precipitation mostly explained these large‐scale patterns, with small to medium‐sized trees, steep slopes, and shallow soils being regional risk factors. Our approach provides a sound basis to monitor and forecast early wilting that may follow the droughts of the coming decades.
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