Herbicidal activity and bioactive components of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. residue
Herbicidal activity and bioactive components of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. residue
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鸦胆子的除草活性和生物活性成分。
DOI：
10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103228
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发表时间：
2021-06-02
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Tang, W. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Y.;Chen, L.;Tang, W. W.
中药渣中含有多种营养成分和活性物质，可加工成有机肥还田，提高土壤肥力。本研究发现，鸦胆子（Brucea javanica（L.）Merr.其残留物具有除草活性，可用于田间杂草防除，这促使我们对其活性成分进行研究。采用生物活性测定方法，对爪哇楝在水稻上的残留量进行了测定。Gaertn.和阔叶杂草鬼针草（Bidens pilosa L.）分别乙酸乙酯和正丁醇提取物对麻黄种子萌发和幼苗生长具有较强的生物活性。浓度为5 mg/mL。这促使我们研究种子残留物中的活性成分。采用活性导向分离法分离得到8个已知化合物，分别为：马钱子碱D-F（1-3）、糠秕三次酸（4）、4-（9 H-b-咔啉-1-基）-4-氧代丁-2-烯酸甲酯（5）、原儿茶酸（6）、香草酸（7）和邻苯二甲酸carisphthalate（8）。在此基础上，对3个苦木素类化合物（1-3）进行了生物活性评价。结果表明，马钱子碱D-F对供试杂草具有潜在的除草活性。在试验浓度范围内，马钱子碱D对两种供试杂草均有明显的除草效果。当浓度为31.25lg/mL时，马钱子碱D可完全抑制E.在125 lg/mL浓度下，马钱子碱D能抑制E. indica和B. pilosa，抑制率达100%。在相同浓度（250 lg/mL）下，马钱子碱D-F对B的芽伸长有完全的影响。pilosa。结果表明，B.爪哇咖啡渣是一种潜在的植物源除草剂开发利用资源，具有巨大的农业经济价值，同时，B.实现了变废为宝，资源合理利用和可持续发展。(c)2021年，任作家。由Elsevier B. V.代表沙特国王大学出版。这是一个在CC BY-NC-ND许可证下的开放获取文章（http：//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）。
There are many nutrients and active substances in the residue of traditional Chinese medicine, which can be processed into organic fertilizer and returned to the field to improve the soil fertility. In this study, we found that Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. residue has herbicidal activity and can be used for weed control in the field, this prompted us to investigate the active constituents in it. The herbicidal activities of extracts of B. javanica residue were evaluated by conducting bioassays against gramineous weed, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. and broad-leaved weed, Bidens pilosa L., respectively. It confirmed that ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts possessed potent biological activities on seed germination and seedling growth of E. indica at 5 mg/mL. This prompted us to investigate the active constituents in the seeds residue. By the activity-guided fractionation, eight known compounds were isolated, which were bruceines D-F (1-3), pityriacitrin (4), 4-(9H-b-carbolin-1-yl)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid methyl ester (5), protocatechuic acid (6), vanillic acid (7) and carisphthalate (8). Then, three quassinoids (1-3) were evaluated for their potential herbicidal effects in bioassay. Results showed that bruceines D-F have potential herbicidal activity against the test weeds. In the range of experimental concentration, bruceine D had obvious herbicidal effect on the two tested weeds. At the concentration of 31.25 lg/mL, bruceine D could completely inhibit the root growth of E. indica; at the concentration of 125 lg/mL, bruceine D can inhibit the seed germination and shoot elongation of E. indica and the shoot growth of B. pilosa, with the inhibition reached 100%. In addition, at the same concentration (250 lg/mL), bruceines D-F could com-pletely affected shoot elongation of B. pilosa. These results showed that B. javanica residue is a potential source of botanical herbicide development, which has great agricultural economic value, at the same time, the reuse of B. javanica residue realizes the transformation of waste into treasure, rational utilization of resources and sustainable development. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).