Local and system-wide adaptation is influenced by population connectivity
Local and system-wide adaptation is influenced by population connectivity
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DOI：
10.1007/s10592-018-1097-0
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Gompert, Zach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nosil, Patrik;Soria-Carrasco, Victor;Gompert, Zach
复杂系统可以被概念化和研究为节点之间具有不同连接性的节点网络。在良好连接的系统中，单个节点的局部干扰可以通过相邻节点的输入来抵消，从而缓冲系统对局部变化的影响。因此，连接良好的系统中的显著变化可能不会发生，直到系统达到阈值或临界点，该阈值或临界点驱动转换到替代的系统范围的状态。相比之下，连接不良的系统更倾向于逐节点逐渐改变。我们使用多位点进化的时间向前模拟来测试这些关于复杂系统的一般预测。我们这样做的背景下，当地的适应在补丁环境组成的许多demes（即，两种生境类型。我们通过操纵迁移率和栖息地类型的空间聚类来改变连接性。当连通性较低时，我们发现了渐进的和逐阶层的局部适应动态。随着人口连通性的增加，动态向更突然的、全系统的转变转变（即，许多德谟的适应更为突然和同时）。我们的研究结果支持本地和系统范围内的弹性之间的权衡，我们讨论了它们对保护生活在斑块和碎片化栖息地的物种的影响。
Complex systems can be conceptualized and studied as networks of nodes with varying connectivity between nodes. In well-connected systems, local disturbance of individual nodes can be countered by input from neighbouring nodes, buffering the system against local change. Thus, pronounced change in a well-connected system may not occur until the system hits a threshold or tipping point' that drives a shift to an alternative, system-wide state. In contrast, poorly connected systems are more prone to gradual node-by-node change. We use forward-in-time simulations of multi-locus evolution to test these general predictions concerning complex systems. We do so in the context of local adaptation in patchy environments comprised of many demes (i.e., nodes) of two habitat types. We vary connectivity by manipulating migration rate and the spatial clustering of habitat types. We find gradual and deme-by-deme' dynamics of local adaptation when connectivity is low. The dynamics transition towards more sudden, system-wide shifts as population connectivity is increased (i.e., many demes adapt more suddenly and simultaneously). Our results support a trade-off between local and system-wide resilience, and we discuss their implications for the conservation of species living in patchy and fragmented habitats.