Yield and N use efficiency of a maize-wheat cropping system as affected by different fertilizer management strategies in a farmer's field of the North China Plain
Yield and N use efficiency of a maize-wheat cropping system as affected by different fertilizer management strategies in a farmer's field of the North China Plain
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2015.01.006
复制
发表时间：
2015-03-15
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Mueller, Torsten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartmann, Tobias Edward;Yue, Shanchao;Mueller, Torsten
本研究旨在探讨华北平原夏玉米/冬小麦两熟制中，通过调整氮素供应量和作物氮素需求量，以及通过交替施用氮肥和施肥策略，能否提高氮素利用效率。在田间静态试验中，将6个减氮处理与农民习惯施肥（FP：550 kg（N）ha（-1）a（-1））和对照处理（CK）进行了比较，除个别处理外，优化施氮没有导致夏玉米和冬小麦减产。夏玉米的籽粒产量在5.8和7.1兆公顷之间。小麦的籽粒产量在4.4 ~ 6.2 Mg ha（-1）之间。（任：0.09-0.30 kg kg（-1））和氮肥农学效率（AE（N））主要受对照处理的产量影响（5.7和5.9毫克公顷（-1）），这是没有显着减少相比，大多数施肥处理。在夏玉米第三生长期，减量处理（0.37-0.58 kg kg（-1））的REN比FP（0.21 kg kg（-1））增加。在小麦的两个生长期，减量处理的REN（0.34-1.0 kg kg（-1））显著高于FP（0.26和0.27 kg kg（-1））。根据作物需氮量和土壤残留矿质氮的不同，施用硝硫铵+3，4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐（DMPP）处理的累积氮源和累积籽粒产量最高。研究表明，与普通农户相比，在玉米/小麦两熟制条件下，氮肥施用量可以显著减少，而不会对产量产生负面影响，从而提高氮肥利用率。(C)2015 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
This study aimed to identify whether nitrogen (N) use efficiency in a summer-maize/winter-wheat double-cropping system of the North China Plain (NCP) could be increased by adjusting N supply to crop N demand, and through the use of alternate N fertilizers and application strategies. In a static experiment conducted on a farmers' field six reduced N treatments were compared to farmers' practice (FP: 550 kg (N) ha(-1) a(-1)) and a control treatment (CK).With few exceptions of single treatments in single cropping-seasons, the optimized fertilization of N did not lead to a yield reduction of either summer-maize or winter-wheat. The grain yield of summer-maize ranged between 5.8 and 7.1 Mg ha(-1). The grain yield of wheat ranged between 4.4 and 6.2 Mg ha(-1).For the first two vegetation periods of summer-maize, the recovery efficiency (REN: 0.09-0.30 kg kg(-1)) and agronomic efficiency of N (AE(N)) were mainly affected by the yield achieved in the control treatment (5.7 and 5.9 Mg ha(-1)), which was not significantly reduced compared to most fertilized treatments. In the third vegetation period of summer-maize, an increase of REN of the reduced treatments (0.37-0.58 kg kg(-1)) was determined compared to FP (0.21 kg kg(-1)). In both vegetation periods of wheat REN of the reduced treatments (0.34-1.0 kg kg(-1)) was significantly higher compared to FP (0.26 and 0.27 kg kg(-1)). The highest cumulated AEN, as well as cumulated grain yields were observed when ammonium sulphate nitrate +3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphate (ASN(DMPP)) was applied according to crop N demand and residual soil mineral N. The highest REN was observed when urea ammonium nitrate was applied in a shallow, banded depot (UAN(DEP)).This research demonstrates that N application rates in a maize/wheat double cropping system may be significantly reduced compared to common farmers' practice, without negatively affecting grain yield, thereby increasing N use efficiency. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.