Contrasting plant diversification histories within the Andean biodiversity hotspot
Contrasting plant diversification histories within the Andean biodiversity hotspot
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1001317107
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发表时间：
2010-08-03
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Hughes, Colin E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pennington, R. Toby;Lavin, Matt;Hughes, Colin E.
安第斯山脉是全球物种最丰富的生物多样性热点地区。安第斯山脉的大多数研究和保护关注集中在雨林、云雾林和paramo等生物群落上，在那里，许多植物物种多样性是与安第斯山脉造山运动相关的快速物种形成的假设结果。与这些mesic生物群系相反，我们提供了一个不同的，更古老的多样化历史的证据，在季节性干燥热带森林（SDTF）占据雨水遮蔽的安第斯山脉间山谷。安第斯山脉间SDTF特有的Cyathostegia mathewsii的高DNA序列差异表明，秘鲁的高科迪勒拉仅相隔约600公里，其种群至少隔离了500万年。结合中新世晚期安第斯山脉存在SDTF的化石证据，我们的数据表明，安第斯山脉间SDTF的小山谷口袋已经持续了数百万年。这些森林拥有丰富的特有物种，但受到了巨大的影响，值得在安第斯国家未来的科学和保护计划中得到更好的体现。
The Andes are the most species-rich global biodiversity hotspot. Most research and conservation attention in the Andes has focused on biomes such as rain forest, cloud forest, and paramo, where much plant species diversity is the hypothesized result of rapid speciation associated with the recent Andean orogeny. In contrast to these mesic biomes, we present evidence for a different, older diversification history in seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) occupying rain-shadowed inter-Andean valleys. High DNA sequence divergence in Cyathostegia mathewsii, a shrub endemic to inter-Andean SDTF, indicates isolation for at least 5 million years of populations separated by only ca. 600 km of high cordillera in Peru. In conjunction with fossil evidence indicating the presence of SDTF in the Andes in the late Miocene, our data suggest that the disjunct small valley pockets of inter-Andean SDTF have persisted over millions of years. These forests are rich in endemic species but massively impacted, and merit better representation in future plans for science and conservation in Andean countries.