ON THE DIFFRACTION THEORY OF OPTICAL IMAGES
ON THE DIFFRACTION THEORY OF OPTICAL IMAGES
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DOI：
10.1098/rspa.1953.0071
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发表时间：
1953-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
HOPKINS, HH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HOPKINS, HH
成像理论是用物体平面的相干函数、成像系统的衍射分布函数和描述物体结构的函数来表述的。得到一个包含这两个函数的四重积分，以及后两个函数的复共轭函数。这个积分是用相干函数的傅里叶变换，衍射分布函数和它的复共轭来计算的。事实上，这些变换分别是“有效光源”的强度分布，以及光学系统的复杂传输——它们是最初已知的数据，通常形式简单。发现了一个广义的“传输因子”，它可以简化为在完全相干和完全不相干的简单情况下的已知结果。这个过程可以以一种更适合于非周期性对象的方式变化。应用该理论研究了光照方法对简单周期结构图像和孤立线图像的影响。
The theory of image formation is formulated in terms of the coherence function in the object plane, the diffraction distribution function of the image-forming system and a function describing the structure of the object. There results a four-fold integral involving these functions, and the complex conjugate functions of the latter two. This integral is evaluated in terms of the Fourier transforms of the coherence function, the diffraction distribution function and its complex conjugate. In fact, these transforms are respectively the distribution of intensity in an ‘effective source’, and the complex transmission of the optical system— they are the data initially known and are generally of simple form. A generalized ‘transmission factor’ is found which reduces to the known results in the simple cases of perfect coherence and complete incoherence. The procedure may be varied in a manner more suited to non-periodic objects. The theory is applied to studyinter aliathe influence of the method of illumination on the images of simple periodic structures and of an isolated line.