The Future of Online Data Collection in Social Surveys: Challenges, Developments and Applications
The Future of Online Data Collection in Social Surveys: Challenges, Developments and Applications
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社会调查在线数据收集的未来：挑战、发展和应用
DOI：
10.1111/rssa.12895
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Maslovskaya O
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文献类型：
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作者：
Maslovskaya O
我们生活在一个数字时代，技术在日常生活中广泛使用。技术变化非常迅速，影响到生活的各个方面，包括调查及其设计和实施。许多国家的数据收集组织正在经历数据收集模式的转变。因此，包括人口普查在内的社会调查继续经历重大转变。在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前，调查机构已开始转向在线数据收集，因为社会调查的回应率数十年来一直在下降，调查成本不断增加（de Leeuw，2018）。互联网使用和移动终端拥有率增加的其他趋势也影响了数据收集方法的转变（欧盟统计局，2019年）。例如，在英国2021年人口普查中，89%的家庭在线回应，超过了国家统计局（ONS）75%在线家庭回应的最初目标（ONS，2021）。虽然英国的一些社会调查已经转向混合模式的数据收集，以节省成本，（英国家庭纵向研究），有些处于测试阶段或正在转变为鼓励参与者以在线响应为主要模式的设计，2019冠状病毒病疫情对调查数据的收集产生了额外的巨大影响，因为面对面的调查无法进行。因此，疫情导致快速变化，全球调查机构在短时间内面临数据收集和调查实践的深刻变革。一些调查必须在很短的时间内设计和/或实施（例如英国COVID-19感染调查或曼海姆电晕研究（MCS））。COVID-19疫情提供了一个机会，以前所未有的方式将调查转移到网上，并加快了现有的转型计划。然而，没有多少社会调查完成了这一转变，除非在大流行之前就有计划，例如英国选举调查或英国社会态度调查。大多数高质量的调查要么暂停或推迟数据收集（如全国性态度和生活方式调查（Natsal）或英格兰健康调查（HSE）），要么在有受访者电话号码的情况下改用电话模式（如英格兰和威尔士犯罪调查或威尔士全国调查（NSW））。这表明有必要调查进一步过渡到在线数据收集的障碍。
We live in a digital age with widespread use of technologies in everyday life. Technologies change very rapidly and affect all aspects of life, including surveys and their designs and implementation. Data collection organisations in many countries are undergoing a paradigm shift in data collection. As a result, social surveys, including censuses, continue to experience major transformations. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, survey agencies had started moving towards online data collection, as response rates in social surveys had been falling for decades and survey costs were increasing (de Leeuw, 2018). Other trends of increasing internet use and mobile device ownership have also impacted on this shift in data collection methods (Eurostat, 2019). For example, in the UK 2021 Census, 89% of households responded online which exceeded the original target of the Office for National Statistics (ONS) of 75% online household response (ONS, 2021). While some UK social surveys have already moved to mixed-mode data collection as a cost-saving initiative, such as Understanding Society (the UK Household Longitudinal Study), some are in the testing phase or are in the process of transforming to designs that encourage participants to respond online as the primary mode, such as the Labour Force Survey (LFS) in the United Kingdom.The COVID-19 pandemic has had an additional large impact on survey data collection, as face-to-face surveys became impossible to conduct. As a result, the pandemic led to rapid changes and survey agencies across the world have been faced with profound transformations of data collection and survey practices in a short period of time. Some surveys had to be designed and/or implemented within very short timeframes (eg the UK COVID-19 Infection Survey or the Mannheim Corona Study (MCS)). The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to move surveys online in unprecedented ways and expedited existing transformation plans. However, not many social surveys made the transition unless it was planned for prior to the pandemic, such as in the case of the British Election Survey (BES) or the British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA). The majority of high-quality surveys either paused or postponed data collection (eg the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyle (Natsal) or Health Survey for England (HSE)) or moved to telephone mode if telephone numbers of respondents were available (eg the Crime Survey for England and Wales or the National Survey for Wales (NSW)). This demonstrates the need to investigate barriers to transitioning to online data collection further.