Developmental exposure to a complex PAH mixture causes persistent behavioral effects in naive Fundulus heteroclitus (killifish) but not in a population of PAH-adapted killifish.
Developmental exposure to a complex PAH mixture causes persistent behavioral effects in naive Fundulus heteroclitus (killifish) but not in a population of PAH-adapted killifish.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ntt.2015.10.007
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Di Giulio RT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown DR;Bailey JM;Oliveri AN;Levin ED;Di Giulio RT
已知急性暴露于某些单独的多环芳烃（PAH）和复杂的PAH混合物会导致发育中的鱼胚胎心脏畸形和水肿。然而，心脏并不是发育中PAH暴露影响的唯一器官。发育中的大脑也会受到影响，导致持久的行为功能障碍。虽然急性暴露于一些多环芳烃是致畸致死的鱼类，鲜为人知的是，在生命早期，低剂量subteratogenic多环芳烃暴露后的生活后果。我们试图确定和表征的长期行为后果subteratogenic发展PAH混合物暴露在幼稚的？？在受精后24小时，用伊丽莎白河沉积物提取物（ERSE）的两种低水平PAH混合物稀释液（TPAH 5.04 μg/L和50.4 μg/L）对刀鱼后代进行胚胎处理。暴露后，将鳉鱼饲养至幼虫、幼鱼和成体生命阶段，并进行一系列行为测试，包括：自发活动测试（孵化后4天）、感觉运动反应轻拍/习惯化测试（孵化后3个月）和新型水槽潜水和探索测试（孵化后3个月）。在5个月的饲养期内，还监测了刀鱼在1、2和5个月时的存活率。多环芳烃暴露的发展造成短期以及持续的行为障碍，幼稚的？相比之下，PAH适应的鳉鱼没有表现出行为改变PAH暴露后。多环芳烃混合物暴露导致死亡率增加，随着时间的推移，在参考？？这项研究表明，早期胚胎暴露于多环芳烃污染的沉积物孔隙水造成长期的运动和行为的改变，在？此外，我们的研究强调了适应性鳉鱼种群对低水平PAH混合物暴露引起的行为改变的抵抗力。此外，这是第一个纵向行为研究使用？
Acute exposures to some individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and complex PAH mixtures are known to cause cardiac malformations and edema in the developing fish embryo. However, the heart is not the only organ impacted by developmental PAH exposure. The developing brain is also affected, resulting in lasting behavioral dysfunction. While acute exposures to some PAHs are teratogenically lethal in fish, little is known about the later life consequences of early life, lower dose subteratogenic PAH exposures. We sought to determine and characterize the long-term behavioral consequences of subteratogenic developmental PAH mixture exposure in both naive killifish and PAH-adapted killifish using sediment pore water derived from the Atlantic Wood Industries Superfund Site. Killifish offspring were embryonically treated with two low-level PAH mixture dilutions of Elizabeth River sediment extract (ERSE) (TPAH 5.04 μg/L and 50.4 μg/L) at 24 hours post fertilization. Following exposure, killifish were raised to larval, juvenile, and adult life stages and subjected to a series of behavioral tests including: a locomotor activity test (4 days post-hatch), a sensorimotor response tap/habituation test (3 months post hatch), and a novel tank diving and exploration test (3 months post hatch). Killifish were also monitored for survival at 1, 2, and 5 months over 5-month rearing period. Developmental PAH exposure caused short-term as well as persistent behavioral impairments in naïve killifish. In contrast, the PAH-adapted killifish did not show behavioral alterations following PAH exposure. PAH mixture exposure caused increased mortality in reference killifish over time; yet, the PAH-adapted killifish, while demonstrating long-term rearing mortality, had no significant changes in mortality associated with ERSE exposure. This study demonstrated that early embryonic exposure to PAH-contaminated sediment pore water caused long-term locomotor and behavioral alterations in killifish, and that locomotor alterations could be observed in early larval stages. Additionally, our study highlights the resistance to behavioral alterations caused by low-level PAH mixture exposure in the adapted killifish population. Furthermore, this is the first longitudinal behavioral study to use killifish, an environmentally important estuarine teleost fish, and this testing framework can be used for future contaminant assessment.