Multiple Loci Control Eyespot Number Variation on the Hindwings of Bicyclus anynana Butterflies
Multiple Loci Control Eyespot Number Variation on the Hindwings of Bicyclus anynana Butterflies
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.120.303059
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发表时间：
2019-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
A. Rivera-Colón;Erica L. Westerman;Steven M. Van Belleghem;A. Monteiro;R. Papa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Rivera-Colón;Erica L. Westerman;Steven M. Van Belleghem;A. Monteiro;R. Papa
身体平面图经常通过重复部分或系列同源物的数量变化而演变。利用蝴蝶Bicyclus anynana，RiveraColón等人研究了遗传性的遗传学基础......调节重复性状或系列同源物的出现和消失的潜在遗传变化仍然知之甚少。一种假设是，主调节基因（也称为输入-输出基因）两侧的基因组区域的变异控制着性状数量的变异，使得进化位点几乎可以预测。另一种假说则认为主控基因的上游或下游位点存在遗传变异。在这里，我们使用蝴蝶Bicyclus anynana，一个物种，表现出自然变化的眼斑数的背后翅，来测试这两个假设。我们首先估计背后翅眼斑数的遗传力，通过繁殖多个不同的蝴蝶家庭的眼斑数和回归后代的眼斑数对中亲值。然后，我们估计的数量和身份的独立的遗传基因座有助于眼点数量的变化，通过进行全基因组关联研究与限制性位点相关的DNA测序从多个个体的不同数量的眼点抽样在一个自由繁殖的实验室人口。我们发现，背后翅眼斑数有一个中等偏高的遗传力为0.50，其特点是由一个多基因架构。以前确定的基因组区域参与眼点的发展，和新的，显示与背后翅眼点数的高度关联，这表明同源物数量的变化可能是由多个位点的监管变化，建立性状，而不是由单一的主监管机构或输入输出基因的变化。
Body plans often evolve through changes in the number of repeated parts or serial homologs. Using the butterfly Bicyclus anynana, RiveraColón et al. studied the genetics underlying heritability... The underlying genetic changes that regulate the appearance and disappearance of repeated traits, or serial homologs, remain poorly understood. One hypothesis is that variation in genomic regions flanking master regulatory genes, also known as input–output genes, controls variation in trait number, making the locus of evolution almost predictable. Another hypothesis implicates genetic variation in up- or downstream loci of master control genes. Here, we use the butterfly Bicyclus anynana, a species that exhibits natural variation in eyespot number on the dorsal hindwing, to test these two hypotheses. We first estimated the heritability of dorsal hindwing eyespot number by breeding multiple butterfly families differing in eyespot number and regressing eyespot numbers of offspring on midparent values. We then estimated the number and identity of independent genetic loci contributing to eyespot number variation by performing a genome-wide association study with restriction site-associated DNA sequencing from multiple individuals varying in number of eyespots sampled across a freely breeding laboratory population. We found that dorsal hindwing eyespot number has a moderately high heritability of ∼0.50 and is characterized by a polygenic architecture. Previously identified genomic regions involved in eyespot development, and novel ones, display high association with dorsal hindwing eyespot number, suggesting that homolog number variation is likely determined by regulatory changes at multiple loci that build the trait, and not by variation at single master regulators or input–output genes.