Augmented bricklaying
Augmented bricklaying
复制标题
增强砌砖
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Kohler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daniela Mitterberger;K. Dörfler;Timothy Sandy;Foteini Salveridou;Marco Hutter;F. Gramazio;M. Kohler
增强砌砖探索了通过视觉增强手工建造复杂的砖砌体，并在一个真实规模的建筑项目中应用和验证了这一概念——希腊一家酿酒厂的清水砖砌体立面。正如之前的研究所示，机器人系统已被证明非常适合高效地实现各种差异化的砖砌设计，但也表现出一定的局限性，例如在空间自由度或现场砂浆的使用方面。因此，本研究旨在表明，通过使用特定于工艺的增强现实系统，可以通过增强的手动过程实现机器人制造中相同的几何复杂性和精度。为了实现这一目标，建立了用于现场施工的定制增强现实系统。这一过程使瓦工不再依赖物理模板，并且可以增强空间自由度，保留并利用瓦工的砂浆处理工艺。当前增强现实制造工艺中传统的全息表示具有有限的上下文感知和不足的几何反馈能力，该系统基于基于对象的视觉惯性跟踪方法，可在现场条件下为砌砖工实现动态光学引导，并具有实时跟踪和高精度 3D 配准功能。本研究通过整合人机界面和人机通信领域的研究成果，建立、探索和验证了一种将显性机器操作和隐性工艺知识相结合的人机交互制造系统。除了整体概念、实施方法和项目应用的描述外，本文还量化了所应用的增强现实装配方法的建筑精度和装配速度等工艺参数。展望未来，本文旨在概述对象感知增强现实系统的未来方向和潜在应用领域及其对建筑和数字制造的影响。
Augmented bricklaying explores the manual construction of intricate brickwork through visual augmentation, and applies and validates the concept in a real-scale building project—a fair-faced brickwork facade for a winery in Greece. As shown in previous research, robotic systems have proven to be very suitable to achieve various differentiated brickwork designs with high efficiency but show certain limitations, for example, in regard to spatial freedom or the usage of mortar on site. Hence, this research aims to show that through the use of a craft-specific augmented reality system, the same geometric complexity and precision seen in robotic fabrication can be achieved with an augmented manual process. Towards this aim, a custom-built augmented reality system for in situ construction was established. This process allows bricklayers to not depend on physical templates, and it enables enhanced spatial freedom, preserving and capitalizing on the bricklayer’s craft of mortar handling. In extension to conventional holographic representations seen in current augmented reality fabrication processes that have limited context-awareness and insufficient geometric feedback capabilities, this system is based on an object-based visual–inertial tracking method to achieve dynamic optical guidance for bricklayers with real-time tracking and highly precise 3D registration features in on-site conditions. By integrating findings from the field of human–computer interfaces and human–machine communication, this research establishes, explores, and validates a human–computer interactive fabrication system, in which explicit machine operations and implicit craftsmanship knowledge are combined. In addition to the overall concept, the method of implementation, and the description of the project application, this paper also quantifies process parameters of the applied augmented reality assembly method concerning building accuracy and assembly speed. In the outlook, this paper aims to outline future directions and potential application areas of object-aware augmented reality systems and their implications for architecture and digital fabrication.