Genetic and epigenetic risks of assisted reproduction
Genetic and epigenetic risks of assisted reproduction
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辅助生殖的遗传和表观遗传风险
DOI：
10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.07.004
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Huang, Hefeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, Ziru;Wang, Yinyu;Huang, Hefeng
辅助生殖技术（ART）主要用于不孕症治疗以实现怀孕，涉及体外受精（IVF）、胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）和冷冻保存等程序。此外，由于遗传原因，夫妻间可使用 ART 的植入前遗传学诊断 (PGD)。在 ART 治疗中，配子和受精卵暴露于一系列非生理过程和培养基中。尽管大多数接受这种治疗出生的儿童都很健康，但对该技术的安全性仍然存在一些担忧。对 ART 出生的儿童的动物研究和后续研究表明，ART 与遗传、身体或发育异常发生率增加有关，尽管也有一些观察结果与这些发现相矛盾。由于 IVF、ICSI、冷冻解冻胚胎移植和 PGD 在对重编程很重要的时间操纵配子和胚胎，因此它们可能会影响表观遗传稳定性，导致成人疾病的配子/胚胎起源。事实上，据报道，ART后代患配子/胚胎起源的成人疾病的风险增加，例如早发性糖尿病、心血管疾病等。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论与辅助生殖的遗传风险（尤其是表观遗传风险）相关的证据。 (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is used primarily for infertility treatments to achieve pregnancy and involves procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and cryopreservation. Moreover, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) of ART is used in couples for genetic reasons. In ART treatments, gametes and zygotes are exposed to a series of non-physiological processes and culture media. Although the majority of children born with this treatment are healthy, some concerns remain regarding the safety of this technology. Animal studies and follow-up studies of ART-borne children suggested that ART was associated with an increased incidence of genetic, physical, or developmental abnormalities, although there are also observations that contradict these findings. As IVF, ICSI, frozen thawed embryo transfer, and PGD manipulate gametes and embryo at a time that is important for reprogramming, they may affect epigenetic stability, leading to gamete/embryo origins of adult diseases. In fact, ART offspring have been reported to have an increased risk of gamete/embryo origins of adult diseases, such as early-onset diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and so on. In this review, we will discuss evidence related to genetic, especially epigenetic, risks of assisted reproduction. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.