Gamma ray bursts and afterglow
Gamma ray bursts and afterglow
复制标题
伽马射线暴和余辉
DOI：
10.1063/1.1303260
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Sari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Sari
近30年来，伽马射线暴的起源一直是个谜。它们的源在短时间尺度上释放出巨大的能量，这个过程涉及极端的相对论性运动，总体洛伦兹系数至少为几百。在过去的两年里，“余辉”、x射线、光学、红外和无线电发射被探测到。在几秒钟的伽马射线暴之后，余辉可以测量数月甚至数年。我们回顾了关于γ射线发射和余辉的理论，并表明它得到了观测的有力支持。最近探测到的与GRB同时发生的光发射与理论预测很好地吻合，并进一步限制了模型的自由参数。我们讨论了一些爆发是喷流的证据，并讨论了偏振测量的前景。
The origin of GRBs have been a mystery for almost 30 years. Their sources emit a huge amount of energy on short time scales and the process involves extreme relativistic motion with bulk Lorentz factor of at least a few hundred. In the last two years, “afterglow,” emission in X-ray, optical, IR, and radio was detected. The afterglow can be measured up to months and even years after the few seconds GRB. We review the theory for the γ-rays emission and the afterglow and show that it is strongly supported by observations. A recent detection of optical emission simultaneous with the GRB, well agrees with theoretical predictions and further constrains the free parameters of the models. We discuss the evidence that some of the bursts are jets, and discuss the prospects of polarization measurements.