Nonconscious formation and reactivation of semantic associations by way of the medial temporal lobe
Nonconscious formation and reactivation of semantic associations by way of the medial temporal lobe
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DOI：
10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00035-6
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Hock, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henke, K;Mondadori, CRA;Hock, C
一个成功的记忆不相关项目的策略是将它们进行语义关联。这种学习方法是典型的陈述性记忆，并依赖于内侧颞叶（MTL）。然而，只有一小部分的感知项目出现在有意识的意识中，并在陈述性记忆中获得表征的地位。这项功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究解决了在无意识的情况下处理不相关项目对的记忆命运。刺激包括一张脸和一个书面的专业（实验条件）或一张脸（控制条件）之间的模式面具暴露非常短暂。虽然参与者没有意识到刺激，海马和嗅周皮层的活动在实验与控制条件下发生了变化;嗅周活动的变化与后来的无意识检索的反应时间测量相关。为了检索，先前呈现的面孔再次显示，这次是有意识的检查。任务是猜测每张脸的专业类别。这项任务是诱导无意识检索先前形成的面孔职业协会。值得注意的是，当受试者面对实验组和对照组的面孔时，海马体和嗅周皮层的活动增强了。海马和嗅周激活的变化程度与无意识提取的反应时间相关。总之，我们的研究结果表明，新的语义关联可以通过内侧颞叶形成和检索，而无需意识到编码时的关联或其组成部分，也无需意识到检索时的记忆。(C)2003爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
A successful strategy to memorize unrelated items is to associate them semantically. This learning method is typical for declarative memory and depends on the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Yet, only a small fraction of perceived items emerge into conscious awareness and receive the status of representations in declarative memory. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study tackled the mnemonic fate of unrelated item pairs processed without conscious awareness. Stimuli consisted of a face and a written profession (experimental condition) or of a face (control condition) exposed very briefly between pattern masks. Although the participants were unaware of the stimuli, activity in the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex was changed in the experimental versus the control condition; perirhinal activity changes correlated with the reaction time measure of the later nonconscious retrieval. For retrieval, the previously presented faces were shown again, this time for conscious inspection. The task was to guess the professional category of each face. This task was to induce a nonconscious retrieval of previously formed face-profession associations. Remarkably, activity in the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex was enhanced when subjects were confronted with faces from the experimental versus the control condition. The degree of hippocampal and perirhinal activation changes correlated with the reaction time measure of nonconscious retrieval. Together, our findings suggest that new semantic associations can be formed and retrieved by way of the medial temporal lobe without awareness of the associations or its components at encoding or any awareness that one is remembering at retrieval. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.